his first picture, Prynne searching the Pockets of Laud in the Tower, in 1846; elected an A.R.A. in 1876. Works: Milton visiting Galileo in Prison (1859); Swift reading a Letter from Stella, Boswell's Introduction to the Club (1860); Virginia Slave Sale, Barber's Shop (1861); De Foe in the Pillory (1862); Burial of Goldsmith (1863); Luther posting his Theses (1864); Charles II. knighting the Loin of Beef (1867); The Vestal (1870); Old Mortality (1871); Out of School (1872); Sheep-Shearing Match (1875); Darning Day, Red Maid's School (1876); Sanctuary, Silkworms, Prayer (1877); School Treat at Burnham Beaches (1878); Marat, Execution of the Duc d'Enghien—1804 (1879); Forfeits (1880); Explosion of the Cashmere Gate at Delhi, Sandwiches, Sir Roger de Coverley at Westminster Abbey (1881); Defence of London—1643, How Happy could I be with Either (1882); Market Place—Evesham, Old Porch at Evesham (1883); School at the Aitre St. Maclou—Rouen, Fish Market—Rouen (1884).—Art Journal (1864), 205.
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CROWNINSHIELD, FREDERIC, born in Boston, Mass.; contemporary. Figure painter; pupil of Rowbotham in London, Benouville in Rome, and of Cabanel, Couture, and the École des Beaux Arts in Paris. Exhibited his first picture, a portrait group, in the Paris Salon of 1878. Studio in Boston.
CRUCHE CASSÉE. See
Broken Pitcher.
CRUCIFIXION, (Fr.
Crucifiement; Ital. Crocifissione;
Sp. Crucifixion;
Ger. Die Kreuzigung);
the scene immediately succeeding
the Elevation of
the Cross.
By Antonello da Messina, Antwerp Museum; wood, H. 1 ft. 11 in. × 1 ft. 4 in. Christ on the cross between the two thieves; at left, the Virgin, seated; at right, St. John, kneeling.—Kugler (Eastlake), ii. 320; C. & C., Flemish Painters, 235.
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Crucifixion, Lucas Cranach, Stadtkirche, Weimar.
By Lucas Cranach, Stadtkirche, Weimar; H. 11 ft. 6 in. × 9 ft. 11 in. Christ on cross, with St. John Baptist (portrait of the artist) on right, calling to it the attention of Luther and Melancthon, who stand beside him; on left, Christ triumphant over Satan, who is again seen in middle distance driving sinners into the fire. Upon the wings are
