numbers should be considered in the representation. We were a1 a loss, for some time, for a rule to ascertain the proportionate wealth of the states. At last we thought that the productive labor of the inhabitants was the best rule for ascertaining their wealth. In conformity to this rule, joined to a spirit of concession, we determined that representatives should be apportioned among the several states, by adding to the whole number of free persons three fifths of the slaves. We thus obtained a representation for our property; and I confess I did not expect that we had conceded too much to the Eastern States, when they allowed us a representation for a species of property which they have not among them.
The numbers in the different states, according to the most accurate accounts we could obtain, were—
| In | New Hampshire, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 102,000 | ||
| Massachusetts, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 360,000 | |||
| Rhode Island, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 58,000 | |||
| Connecticut, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 202,000 | |||
| New York, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 233,000 | |||
| New Jersey, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 138,000 | |||
| Pennsylvania, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 360,000 | |||
| Delaware, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 37,000 | |||
| Maryland, (including three fifths of 80,000 negroes,) . . . . . . . | 218,000 | |||
| Virginia, (including three fifths of 280,000 negroes,) . . . . . . . | 420,000 | |||
| North Carolina, (including three fifths of 60,000 negroes,) . . | 200,000 | |||
| South Carolina, (including three fifths of 80,000 negroes,) . . | 150,000 | |||
| Georgia, (including three fifths of 20,000 negroes,) . . . . . . . | 90,000 |
The first House of Representatives will consist of sixty-five members. South Carolina will send five of them. Each state has the same representation in the Senate that she has at present; so that South Carolina will have, under the new Constitution, a thirteenth share in the government, which is the proportion she has under the old Confederation: and when it is considered that the Eastern States are full of men, and that we must necessarily increase rapidly to the southward and south-westward, he did not think that the Southern States will have an inadequate share in the representation. The honorable gentleman alleges that the Southern States are weak. I sincerely agree with him. We are so weak that by ourselves we could not form a union strong enough for the purpose of effectually protecting each other. Without union with the other states. South Carolina must soon fall. Is there any one among us so much a
