The only punishments which the political tribunals can inflict are removal, or the interdiction of public functions for the future. There is no other Constitution but that of Virginia (p. 152), which enables them to inflict every kind of punishment.
The crimes which are subject to political jurisdiction are, in the Federal Constitution, (Section 4, Art. 1); in that of Indiana, (Art. 3, paragraphs 23 and 24); of New York, (Art. 5); of Delaware, (Art. 5), high treason, bribery, and other high crimes or offences.
In the Constitution of Massachusetts, (Chap. 1, Section 2); that of North Carolina, (Art. 23); of Virginia, (p. 252), misconduct and maladministration.
In the Constitution of New Hampshire (p. 105), corruption, intrigue, and maladministration.
In Vermont (Chap. 2, Art. 24), maladministration. In South Carolina, (Art. 5); Kentucky, (Art. 5); Tennessee, (Art. 4); Ohio, (Art. 1, § 23, 24); Louisiana, (Art. 5); Mississippi, (Art. 5); Alabama, (Art. 6); Pennsylvania, (Art. 4), crimes committed in the non-performance of official duties.
In the States of Illinois, Georgia, Maine, and Connecticut, no particular offences are specified.
Appendix O.—Vol. I. p. 191.
It is true that the powers of Europe may carry on maritime wars with the Union; but there is always greater facility and less danger in supporting a maritime than a continental war. Maritime warfare only requires one species of effort. A commercial people which consents to furnish its Government with the necessary funds, is sure to possess a fleet. And it is far easier to induce a nation to part with its money, almost unconsciously, than to reconcile it to sacrifices of men and personal efforts. Moreover, defeat by sea rarely compromises the existence or independence of the people which endures it.
As for continental wars, it is evident that the nations of Europe cannot be formidable in this way to the American Union. It would be very difficult to transport and maintain in America more than 25,000 soldiers; an army which may be considered to represent a nation of about 2,000,000 of men. The most populous nation of Europe contending in this way against the Union, is
