1174 THESTIA. afterwards reprinted as " Prolegomena" to the Dis- sertatio de Thessnlonica ejmqiie Agro Geoyraphica, Berlin, 1839. With this should be compared his ■work on the Via Egnutia. To these autiiorities we ought to add the introduction to some of the com- mentaries on St. Paul's Epistles to the Tkessalonians, — especially those of Koch (Berlin 1849) and Liine- mann (Gottingen, 1850). [J. S. H.] THE'STIA. [TiiESTiENSES.] THESTIENSES (0ea^Tie?s, Pol. V. 7), are usually called the inhabitants of a town Thestia in Aetolia. But no town of this name is mentioned by the ancient writers, and it is not improbable that the town itself was called &earii~is. The name occurs only in Polybius, and the exact site of the place is unknown. We only learn, from the narrative of Polybius, that it was situated in the Northern part of the upper plain of Aetolia. The name is per- haps connectecl with Thestius, one of the old Aeto- lian heroes. THETI'DIUJI (06Ti5iov, Strab. ix. p. 431 ; Polyb. xviii. 3, 4; ©eri'Seioi', Eurip. Androm. 20; Qiuri^iiov, Steph. B. s. v. : Eth. ©ertSevs), a place in Thessaly, close to Pharsalus, %vhere Flamininus encamped at the end of the second march from Pherae towards Scotussa, before the battle of Cyno- scephalae. It derived its name from Thetis, the mother of Achilles, the national hero of the Achaean Phthiotae. Leake places it at or near Mugida, on the opposite bank of the Enipeus. (^Northern Greece, vol. iv. pp. 472, 473.) THEUDOT^A, one of the chief towns of the Athaman?s in Epeirus, is ideutified by Leake with the modern Thudhorianu. a village situated near Mount Tzumerlca in a pass which leads from the Achelous to the Arachthus. (Liv. xxxviii. 1 ; Leake. Northern Greece, vol. iv. p. 212.) THEUilA, a town of Thessaly, near the frontiers of Dolopia (Liv. sxxii. 13.) THEUPROSOPOX. [Phoenicia, p. 606, a.] THEVESTE (0eoi/e<TT7j, Ptol. iv. 3. § 30), an im- portant town of Numidia, but which is only mentioned in the later writers. It was a Pioman colony (Gmter, Jnscr. p. 600; Itin.Ant. p. 27), and the place where many roads nmning in a SE. direction into the Roman province of Africa, had their commencement. (Cf. Itin.Ant. pp. 33, 46, 47, 53, 54.) It is the town of Tebessa, recently discovered by General Negrier, con- siderable ruins of which still exist, especially the ancient walls, the circumference of which indicates a town capable of containing 40,000 inhabitants. (See Letronne, in Rev. Archeol. iv. p. 360, sqq.; Sur VArcde Triomphe de Teveste, tfc, Paris, 1847; Jahn's Jahrbitcher, hi. p. 409.) [T. H. D.] THIA. [Thera.] THIAXXICE (@iavviKV, Arrian, Per. P. Eux p. 7), or THIANITICE {QiaviriKV, Anon. Per. P. Eux. p. 14), a district of Asia in the Pontus Euxinus, which was separated from Colchis by the river Ophis. Its name probably should be Sannice, as the Sanni, ' or Tzani, were a well-known people in this region, i (Cf. Jlannert, iv. p. 378, vi. pt. 2. p. 421 ; Gail, ml '. Arrian. p. 95.) [T. H. D.] | THLIR, a town of the Contestani in Hispania ' Tarraconensis, between Carthago Nova, and Ilici ( J tin. Ant. p. 401). Variously identified with San Gines and Orikuela, near which latter place are many ruins. | (Florez, Esp. Sagr. v. p. 30, vii. p. 124.) [T.'h.D.] ' THIBA (©I'Sa: Eth. QiStos), a district in Pontus, so called from an Amazon slain there by Hercules. The inhabitants were said to be socerers, whose THISBE. breath was poisonous, and who would not perish if thrown into the water, but would float on the surface. (Eustath. ad Dlonys. Per. 828; St?])h. B. s. V. 0i€ah; Plut. Symj). v. 7. § 1; Phylarch. ap. Plin. vii. 2. s. 2.) THILSAPHATA (Amm. Marc. xxv. 8), a forti- fied town in the south of Jlesopotamia, probably the present Tel el Hava, between Mosul and the Sinjur, in the neighbourhood of the Tigris. [V.] THILUTHA, an impregnable fortress on au island in the Euphrates, near Analho, which defied the arms of .Julian (Amm. Marc. xxiv. 2). Zosi- mus (iii. 15) speaks of this island, and of the impregnable fortress ((ppuvpiov oxuptiirarov) situ- ated upon it, but without mentioning its name. It is described by Isidorus Charax {Mans. Parth. § 1, ed. C. Mliller) as an island in the Euphrates, containing a treasury of the Parthians, and distant two schoeni from Anatho. The old editions read 'Oa§ovs but the MSS. have 'OAaSous, which Mliller has changed into ©lAo^ous, and there can be little doubt of the propriety of this correction. It corresponds to the island called Tilbus by Chesney (vol. i. p. 57), and in his map Telbes or Anatelbes, containing ruins of very ancient build- ings. (See Miiller, ad hid. Char. I. c.) THIXAE (©?i/ai, or Xtvai, Ptol. vii. 3. § 6, viii. 27. § 12), or THIXA (07^, Arrian, Per. M. Erythr. p. 36), a capital city of the Sinae, who carried on here a large commerce in silk and woollen stufls. It appears to have been an ancient tradition that the city was surrounded with brazen walls ; but Ptolemy remarks that these did not exist there, nor anything else worthy of remark. The ancient writers ditl'ur very considerably as to its situation. According to the most probable accounts it was either Nankin, or rather perhaps Thsin, Tin, or Ttin, in the province Schensi, where, according to the accounts of the Chinese themselves, the first kingdom of Sin, or China, was founded. (Cf. Kilter, Erdkunde, ii. p. 199.) [T. H. D.] THIXO'DES (jh eLvHiles vpos, i. e. the Saiul Hill. Ptol. iv. 5. § IS), a mountain of Egypt, belonging to the Libyan chain, on the S. borders of Mar- marica. [T. H. D.] THIRJIIDA, a place in Numidia, the situation of which is totally unknown. (HdW.Jug. 12.) [T. H. D.] THIS. [AisYDUS.] THISBE (©io-gT?, Horn., Paus., Steph. B. s. i>.; Qia€a,i, Strab., Xen. : Eth. ©lo-gaTos), a town of Boeotia, described by Strabo as s-ituated at a short distance from the sea, under the southern side of Helicon, bordering upon the confines of Thespiae and Coroneia. (Strab. ix. p. 411.) Thisbe is men- tioned by Homer, who says that it abounds in wild pigeons (iroAvTp7]Tpicvd re &i<T€r]t', II. ii. 502); and both Strabo and Stephanus B. remark that this epi- thet was given to tlie city from the abundance of wild pigeons at the harbour of Thisbe. Xenophon remarks that Cleombrotus marched through the territory of Thisbe on liis way to Creusis before the battle of Leuctra. {Hell. v'i. 4. § 3.) The only public building at Thisbe mentioned by Pausanias (ix. 32. § 3) was a temple of Hercules, to whom a festival was celebrated. The same writer adds that between the mountain on the sea-side and the moun- tain at the foot of which the town stood, there is a plain which would be inundated by the water flowing into it, were it not for a mole or causeway constructed through the middle, by means of which the water is diverted every year into the part of the plain lying
