VIA FLAMINIA. raiy with the construction of the highroad itself: it was judiciously placed just at the entrance of the Apennines, where the passage of those mountains may be considered to have commenced. Thence the highway followed nearly the same line as the modern road from Foligno to Fano, skirting the main ridge of the Apennines, and the principal sta- tions can be identified without difficulty. It passed by Helvilhini {Sigi.llo'), crossed the central ridge of the Apennines at La Schieggia (probably Ad Ensem of the Tabula), and descended into the valley of the Cantiano, a tributary of the Jletaurus, passing by Cales or Calles {Cagli), Intercisa (the Passo del Furlo), and emerging into the valley of the Jle- taurus at Forum Sempronii {Fossomh'one), whence it descended the course of that river to Fanum Fortunae {Fano) on the Adriatic, and thence along the coast to Ariminum {Rimini), where it joined the Via Aemilia. We may now recapitulate the distances as given, first, in the Antonine Itinerary (p. 125): — From Rome to Rostrata Villa - - - - xxiv. si.p, Ocriculum {Otricoli) - - xxi. Narnia {Narni) ... xii. Ad Martis (near Massa) - - xvi. Mevania {Bevagna) - - - xvi. Nuceria {Nocera) ... xviii. Helvillum {Sigillo) • - - siv. Calles {Cagli) ... xsiii. FoiTim Sempronii (Fossombrone) xviii. Fanum Fortunae {Fano) - - xvi. Pisaurum {Pesaro) - - - viii. Ariminum {Rimini) - - xxiv. These distances are all approximately correct. The stations are given more in detail in the Jeru- salem Itinerary (p. 613), as follow: — From Rome to Ad Rubras (Prima Porta) - - ix.M.p. Ad Vicesimum - - - - xi. Aqua Viva ( Osteria delV A cqua Vim) xii. Ocriculum {Otricoli) - • - xii. Narnia {Narni) - - - - xii. Interamna {Terni) . . - viii. Tres Tabernae - - - - iii. Fanum Fugitivi {Monte Somma) - x. Spoletium {Spoleto) - - - vii. Sacraria {Le Vene) . - . viii. Trebia {Trevi) - - - - iv. Fulginium {Foligno) - - - v. Forum Flaminii {S. Gio. in Fori- Jiamma) . . _ - iji. Nuceria {Nocera) - . - xii. Ptaniae, probably Tadinum((?MrtWo) viii. Herbellonium (?) - - - vii. Ad Ensem {La Schieggia) - - x. Ad Calem {Cagli) ... xiv. Intereisa {II Furlo) - - - ix. Forum Sempronii {Fossombrone) - ix. Ad Octavum - - - - ix. Fanum Fortunae {Fano) - - viii. Pisaurum {Pesaro) . - - viii. Ariminum {Rimini) - - - xxiv. The whole distance from Rome to Ariminum ac- cording to this Itinerary is therefore 222 miles, while the Antonine (following the more direct line) makes it 210 miles. The Tabula adds nothing to our know- ledge of this route; and the distances are much less correct than in the other two Itineraries. The branch of the Flaminian Way which struck off from the main line at Nuceria and crossed the VIA LATINA. 1301 Apennines direct to Ancona, is thus given in the Antonine Itinerary (p. 311); From Nuceria to Dubii (?) .... viii. M. r, Prolaqueum {Pioraco) - - viii. Septempeda (5. Severino) - - xv. Treia (Ru. near Trtia) - - ix. Auximum {Osimo) - - xviii. Ancona ----- xii. Thence a road was carried along the coast by Sena Gallica to Fanum Fortunae, where it rejoined the main Hue of the Via Flaminia. The stations were : — Ad Aesim fl. {R. Esino) - - viii. m. p. Sena Gallica {Sinigaglia) - - xii. Ad Pirum (?) - . . viii. Fanum Fortunae {Fano) - - viii. All the above distances appear to be at least ap- proximately correct. (For a full and careful ex- mination of the line of the Via Flaminia, and the distances of the stations upon it, see D'Anville, Analyse Geographique de Vltalie, pp. 147 — 162.) [E. H. B.] VIA LABICANA (^ haSxavi) bUs) was one of the highroads that issued from the Porta Esquilina at Rome. It was evidently originally nothing more than a road that led to the ancient city of Labicum (16 miles from Rome), but was subsequently continued in the same direction, and, after sweeping round the E. foot of the Alban hills, it joined the Via Eatina at the station Ad Pictas, in the plain between them and the Volscian mountains. (Strab. v. p. 237.) This route was in many respects more conve- nient than the proper Via Latina, as it avoided the ascent and descent of the Alban hills: and hence it appears to have become, in the later ages of the Em- pire, the more frequented road of the two; so that the Antonine Itinerary gives the Via Labicana as the regular highroad froniRome toBeneventum,and after- wards gives the Via Latina as falling into it. {Itin. Ant. pp. 304, 306.) But this is decidedly opposed to the testimony of Strabo {I. c), and the usage of the Augustan age, which is generally followed by modern writers. Hence the Via Labicana will be here given only as far as the point where it joins the Latina. The stations set down in the Antonine Itinerary are merely — From Rome to Ad Qiiintanas - - xv. ji. p. Ad Pictas - - - X. The Tabula subdivides the latter stage into two; viz.. Ad Statuas, iii. 51. P., and thence to Ad Pictas, vii. ; thus confirming the distance in the Itinerary. The station Ad Quintanas was undoubtedly situated at the foot of the hill on which stands the village of La Colonna, occupying the site of the ancient Labicum. The lir.e of the ancient road from Rome thither followed nearly the same course, though with fewer windings, as the modern road to P(destrina and Valmontone. It is described in the article Laiucum. _ [E. II. B.] VIA LATINA {r) AaTiv^ SSds) was one of the principal of the numerous highroads that issued from the gates of Rome, and probably one of the most an- cient of them. Hence we have no account of the timo of its construction, and it was doubtless long in use as a means of communication before it was paved and converted into a reguhir highroad. Some road ur other must always have existed between lionio and Tusculum; while again beyond the Alban hills the valley of the Sacco (Trerus) is one of the 4 o 3
