1312 VINZELA. Venciensium. Vence is in the department of Var, near the river Var. (D'Anville, Notice, cfc.) [G. L.] VI'NZELA (Ovlv^iAa), a town of Galatia, in the territory of the Tectosaces. (Ptol. v. 4. § 8.) A se- cond town of the same name is mentioned by Ptolemy (v. 5. § 8) in the south-east of Pisidia. [L. S.] VIOLVASCENSIS PAGUS. [Martialis.] VIPITENUM, a town in Rhaetia belonging to the Venostes, situated between Veldidena and Tri- dentum. (Ttin. Ant. pp. 275, 280.) Some place it in the Oher-Wipthal ; others identify it with Sterzing on the Eisach, at the foot of the Bren- mr. [T. H. D.] VirOSCIANA, a place in Mauretania Tingitana, on the road from Tocolosida to Tingis. {Itin. Ant. p. 23.) Mannert (x. pt. ii. p. 487) supposes that it is the place called Prisciana by Mela (iii. 10. sub fin.), and XlTiaKiava. or TliaKiava by Ptolemy (iv. 1. § 14). The same author identifies it with JIergo, whilst Lapie takes it to hs Soe-el- Arba, and Graberg di Hemso, Dar-el-nhamara. [T. H. D.] VIRACELLUJI (Bipd/ceAAof, Ptol.), a town of Etruria, mentioned only by Ptolemy (iii. 1. § 47), who places it among the inland towns in the NW. corner of that country. It is supposed by Cluverius to be represented by Verrucola or Verrucchia in the mountains between the Serchio and the Magra (Cluver. Ital. p. 75), but the identification is very doubtful. [E. H. B.] VIRDO (the Wertccli), a small river in the ter- ritory of the Licatii in Vindelicia, a tributary of the Licus, which it joins a little below Augusta Vin- (k'licorum. (Paul. Diac. Langoh. ii. 13 ; Venant. Fort. Vita S. Mart, iv 646, where it is less cor- rectly called Vindo or Vinda). [L. S.] VIRGULAE. [Bergule, Vol. I. p. 393, a.] VIRIBALLUM. [Corsica, Vol. I. p. 691, a.] VIRITIUII (OmplTiov), a place in northern Ger- many, mentioned only by Ptolemy (ii. 11. § 27), was probably in the territory of the Sidini, on the site of the modern town of Writt::en on the Oder. (Wilhelm, Germanien, p. 275.) [L. S.] VIROCO'NIUM (OvipoKSvtov, Ptol. ii. 3. § 19), a town of the Cornavii in Britannia Romana, on the i-oad from Deva to Londinium, -with a by-road from Mariduimm. (Itin. Ant. pp. 482, 484.) It is the town called Urioconium in another route of the Itinerary (p. 469). Now Wroxeter, with ruins and antiquities. (Camden, p. 652.) [T. H. D.] VIRODUXUM. [Verodcnenses.] VIROMAGUS. [Bromagus.] VIROSIDUM (Not. Imp.), a fort or castle at the N. boundary of Britannia Romana and in the terri- tory of the Brigantes, the station of the Coliors vi. Nerviorum. Camden(p. 1022) places it near Wancik Cumberland ; whilst others seek it on the S. coast of Solway Frith, and at Preston. [T. H. D.] VIRUVESCA (OmpouidKa, Ptol. ii. 6. § 53), a town of the Autrigones in Hispania Tarraconensis, on the road from Pompelo to Asturica (Itin. Ant. pp. 394, 450, 454 ; Plin. ii. 3. s. 4). It is the modern Briviesca. (Cf. Florez, Esp. Sagr. xxiv. p. 10, xxvii. p. 13.) CoinsinSestini(p. 211). [T.H.D.] VIROVIACUM, in Gallia,in the Table,Virovinum, is placed on a route from Castellum ( Cassel) to Turna- cuin (Tournay). The Antonine Itinerary fixes it xvi. from each place. The distances in the Table do not agree; but the site is certain. It is Werwic or Verwicl-, a large village on the Lys, 3 leagues from Lille in the French department of No7-d. In 1514 a medal of C. Julius Caesar was dug up at Werwic, VISURGIS. and some time afterwards other medals of the time of the Antonini. There is a tradition also of the remains of an ancient edifice having been seen here, and a fragment of a statue (Bast, Recueil d'Anti- guites Romaines et Gauloises trouvees dans la Flandre proprement dite, Gand, 1804.) [G. L.] VIRUEDRUM (OvipoveSpov^i &Kpov, Ptol. ii. 3. § 5), a promontory on the N. coast of Britannia Barbara, and the most N. point of the island. It is apparently the present Dungsby Head. (Camden, p. 1280.) [T. H. D.] VIRUNI. [Varini.] VIRU'NUM (Oi'ipowov). 1. One of the most important towns in the interior of Noricum, south of Noreia, and on the road from Aquileia to Lauriacum. (Plin. iii. 27 ; Ptol ii. 14. § 3 ; Steph. Byz. s. v. Bepovvos ; Suid. s. v. B-qpowtov ; It. Ant. p. 276 ; Tub. Pent., where it is called Varununi.) But not- withstanding its importance, which is attested by its widely scattered remains about the village of Ma- riasaal near Klagenfurt, no details about it are known, except, from inscriptions, the fact that it was a Roman colony, with the surname of Claudia. (Gruter, Inscript. p. 569; Orelli, Inscript. no. 1317, 5074; comp. Muchar, Norikum, vol. i. p. 271.) 2. A tovvn in the country of the Sidini in Ger- mania, of unknown site, and mentioned only by Ptolemy (ii. 11. § 27). [L. S.] VIRUS (Ovlpov iKgoAai, Ptol. ii. 6. § 3), a river in the N. part of the W. coast of Hispania Tarra- conensis. Variously identified with the Landrove and the A Hones. [T. H. D.] VISBU'RGIl (Oi;i(7goi'p7ioi), a tribe in the south- east of Germany, about the sources of the Vistula, and placed by Ptolemy (ii. 11. § 21) near the Quadi, in the district to which Tacitus (Germ. 43) assisrns the Gothini. [L. S.] VISO'NTIUM (OmaouTtov, Ptol. ii. 6. § 54), a town of the Pelendones in Hispania Tarraconensis, perhaps Vinneza or Binoesca. [T. H. D.] VISPI (Ojio-TToi), a tribe in the south-west of Germany, is mentioned only by Ptolemy (ii. 11. § 10); nothing certain can be said as to the precise district they inhabited. [L. S.] VI'STULA, VISTILLUS (Oviarova, OCl<t. TovAas : Vistula or Weicksel), one of the great rivers of Germany, separating, according to Ptolemy (viii. 10. § 2 ; comp. ii. 11. § 4, iii. 5. § 5), Ger- many from Sarmatia, while Pomp. Jlela (iii. 4), who calls the river Visula, describes it as forming the boundary between Scythia and Sarmatia. It cannot be expected that cither Greeks or Romans should have possessed much information about this distant river. Ptolemy says that it had its origin in the Hercynia Silva, and discharged itself into the Sarmatian ocean (the Baltic), and Warcianus (p. 53) ascribes to it a course of from 1850 to 2000 stadia in length. This is all the information to be gathered from the ancient authors. (Comp. Plin. iv. 27. s. 28; Solin. 20 ; Geogr. Rav. iv. 4 ; Amm. Marc. xxii. 8, where it is called Bisula ; Jornand. Get. 3.) Jor- nandes in two passages (Get. 5 and 17) speaks of a river Viscla, which some geographers regard as identical with the modern WisloJca, a tributary of the Vistula, but it is probably no other than the Vistula itself, whose modern German name Weicksel seems to be formed from Viscla. [L. S.] VISURGIS (OuiTovp'yis, Biffovpya, Ovitroup- yos, or Ovicraovpytos : Weser). one of the principal rivers in north-western Germany, which was tole- rably well known to the Romans, since during their
