JIASSYLI. in E. lon^. 14° 30', N. lat. 6° 20'. It lias been identified with the Gambia, which can be no other than the ancient Stachir or Trachir; one of the rivers which flow into the Atlantic, between the A'ama- ranca and the Mesurado, is the probable repre- sentative of the Massitholus. [E. B. J.] MASSYLI. [NuMiDiA.] MASTAURA (MdaTavpa). a to^vn in tlie north of Carid, at the foot of Jlount Messogis, on the small river ChiTsaoras, between Tralles and Tri- polis. (Strab. xiv. p. 650; Plin. v. 31; Steph. B. s. v.; Hierocl. p. 659.) The town was not of any great repute, but is interesting from its extant coins, and from the fact that the ancient site is still marked by a village bearing the name Mastaura, near which a few ancient remains are found. (Ha- milton, Researches, i. p. 531.) [L. S.] MASTE (Mao-TT) opos, Ptol. iv. 7. § 26), a moun- tain forming part of the Abyssinian highlands, a little to the east of the Lunae Monies, lat. 10° 59' N., long. 36° 55' E. The sources of the Astapus, Bahr-el-Azrek, Blue or Dark river, one of the ori- ginal tributaries of the Nile, if not the Nile itself, are supposed to be on the N. side of JJount Maste. They are three springs, regarded as holy by the natives, and though not broad are deep. Bnice, (Travels, vol. iii. p. 308) visited Mount Maste, and was the first European who had ascended it for seventy years. The tribes who dwelt near the foun- tains of the Bahr-el-Azrek were called JIastitae (Moo-TiTai, Ptol. iv. 5. § 24, 7. § 31), and there was a town of the same name with the mountain (Mcio-tt; TToAis, Ptol. iv. 7. § 25). [W. B. D.] MASTIA'NI (Mcwrmi'oi), a people on the south coast of Spain, east of the Pillars of Hercules, to whom the town of Mastlv (Macrria) belonged. They were mentioned by Hecataeus (Steph. B. s. v. MaffTiavol) and Polybius (iii. 33), but do not oc- cur in later writers. Hannibal transported a part of them to Africa. (Polyb. I. c.) Mastia appears to be the same as JIassia (Maaaia), which Theopom- pus described as a district bordering upon the Tartessians. (Steph. B. s. v. Mao-cria.) Hecataeus also assigned the following towns to this people : Maenobora (Steph. B. s. r. Maii/dg&jpa), pro- bably the same as the later Maenoba ; Sixus (2i|oy, vSteph. B. s. V.'), probably the same as the later Sex, or Hexi ; Molybdanv (MoXvSMva, Steph. B. 9. ».) ; and Syalts (2vaKis, Steph. B. s. v.), pro- bably the later Suel. MASTRA'JIELA (Mao-rpaAteATj, Steph. B.s. v.), " a city and lake in Celtice," on the authority of Artemidorus. This is the Astrornela of the ^ISS. of Pliny [Fossa Mariana, p. 912]. The name Mastramela also occurs in Avienus (Or« Maritima, v. 692). It is one of the lakes on the eastern side of the Delta of the Rhone, but it is uncertain which it is, tlie E'tang de Berre or the E'tang de Mar- tJrjues. It is said that there is a dry part of some size in the middle of the E'tang de Caronte, and that this dry part is still called Malestraou. [G. L.] JIASTU'SIA (MaffTouo-ia &Kpa: Capo Greco), the promontory at the southern extremity of the Thracian Chersonesus, opposite to Sigeum. A little to the cast of it was the town of Elaeus. (Ptol. iii. 12. § 1; PHn. iv. 18; Mela, ii. 21; Tzetz. nd Lijcoph. 534, where it is called Ma^ovala.) The mountain in Ionia, at the foot of which Smyrna was built, likewise bore the name of Mastusia. (Phn. V.31.) [L. S.] MASU'RA (Manouoa), a place between Attalia JIATIENI MONTES. 295 and Pcrge in Pamphylia (Stadiasm. §§ 200, 201), and 70 stadia from Mygdala, which is probably a corruption of Maeydus. [Magydus.] [L. S.] MATALA PR. [Matalia.] MATA'LIA (MoToAia, Ptol. iii. 17. § 4), a town in Crete near the headland of Matala (MaraAa, Stadiasni.'), and probably the same place as the naval arsenal of Gortyna, Metali.uji (MdraWov, Strab. X. p. 479), as it appears in our copies of Strabo, but incorrectly. (Comp. Groskurd, ad he.) The modem name in Mr. Pashley's map is Matala. (Hock, A>eto, vol. i. pp. 399, 435 ;i)/ws. Class. Antiq. vol. ii. p. 287.) [E. B. .1.] MA'TEOLA, a town of Apulia, mentioned only by Pliny (iii. 11. s. 16) among the inland cities of that province. It is evidently the same now called Ma- ter a about 12 miles from Ginosa (Genusium), and 27 from the gulf of Tarentum. It is only about 8 miles from the river Bradanus, and must there- fore have been closely adjoining the frontier of Lucania. [E. H. B.] MATAVO, or MATAYONIUM, as D'Anville has it, in Gallia Narbonensis, is placed by the Antonine Itin. on a road from Forum Voconii [Fo- KUM Voconii] to Massilia {Marseille), 12 M. P. from Forum Voconii and 14 from Ad Tuitcs (JTourve^), between which places it lies. It is also in the Table, but the distances are not the same. Slatavo is supposed to be Vins. [G. L.] MATERENSE OPPIDUM, one of the thirty free towns (" oppida hbera," Plin. v. 4) of Zeugitana. It still retains the ancient name, and is the modem Matter in the government of Tunis, — a small vil- lage situated on a rising ground in the middle of a fruitful plain, with a rixiilet a little below, which empties itself into the Sisara Palus. (Shaw, Trav. p. 165 ; Barth, Wandenmgen, p. 206.) [E. B. .J.] MATE'RI (MttT^/Joi ; some MSS. read Mar^^coi, Ptol. V. 9. § 17), a people of Asiatic Sannatia, to the E. of the river Rha. [E. B. J.] MATERNUM, a town of Etruria, known only from the Tabula Peutingeriana, which places it on the Via Clodia, between Tuscania (ToscanelkC) and Saturnia, 12 miles from the fornier, and 18 from the latter city. It probably occupied the same site as the modern village of Farnese. (Cluver. Ital. p. 5 1 7 ; Dennis, Etruria. vol. i. p. 463.) [E. H. B.] MATIA'NA {Vlariavr), Strab. ii. p. 73, xi. p. 509 ; Steph. B.; MaTi7jfi7, Herod, v. 52: Eth. MaTiav6s, MaTirivos), a district of ancient Media, in the south-western part of its great subdivision called Media Atropatene, extending along the mountains which separate Armenia and Assyria. Its bound- aries are very uncertain, and it is not possible to determine how far it extended. It is probably the same as the Mapriavri of Ptolemy (vi. 2. § 5). [Maetiane.] Strabo mentions as a pe- culiarity of the trees in this district, that they distil honey {I. c). The Matiani are included by Herodotus in the eighteenth satrapy of Dareius (iii. 94), and ser-ed in the army of Xerxes, being armed and equipped in the same manner .is tho Paphlagonians (vii. 72). Herodotus evidently con- sidered them to occupy part of the more w^idcly extended territory of Armenia. [V.] MATIE'NI MONTES (rk Mari-qva. upt,, Herod. i. 189, 202, V. 52), the ridge of mountains which forms the back-bone or centre of Matiana, doubtless part of the mountain range of Kurdistdn, in tho neighbourhood of Van. Herodotus makes them tho watershed from which flowed the Gyndes and the u 4
