MURGIS. the Hiqjini, about 20 miles W. of Luceria. An inscription found here would seem to attest that Murgantia existed as a municipal town as late as the reign of Severus ; but considerable doubts have been raised of its authenticity. (Romanelli, vol. ii. p. 48 1 ; Mommsen, Topognijia degli Irpini, pp. 4, 5; in Bull. delV Inst. Arch. 1848.) The coins, with an Oscan legend, which have been generally attributed to JIurgantia, in reality belong to Teate. (Friedliinder, Oskiscke Miinzen, p. 49.) 2. A city of Sicily, the name of which is variously written Murgantia, Murgentia, and Morgan tia. [Mor- GANTIA.] [E. H. B.] MURGIS (1^011^7(1), a town of Hispania Baetica, near the frontiers of Tarraconensis, and on the road from Castulo to Malaca, probably near Puenta de la Guardia vieja. (Ptol. ii. 4. §11; Plin. iii. .3. s. 4 ; Itin. Ant. p. 405 ; Ukert, ii. 1. p. 352 ; Forbiger, iii. p. 56.) MURIANE (Movpiauij), one of the four districts of Cataonia in Cappadocia, on the west of Laviane- .sine, and south-west of Melitene. It is mentioned only by Ptolemy (v. 7. § 8), and must not be con- founded with Morimene. [L. S.] MURIUS {Muhr), a tributary of the Drave (Dravus), which is mentioned only in the Peuting. Table, though the antiquity of the name is un- doubted, and attested by the station " in Murio," which was situated on the road leading from Augusta A'indelicoram through Noricum. (IMuchar, Nori- cimi, i. p. 280.) [L. S.] MUROCINCTA, an imperial villa in Paimonia, where Valentinian II. was residing with his mother Justina, when he was proclaimed emperor. (Amm. Marc. XXX. 10.) MURSA or MU'RSIA (Movfxra, Movpa'ta), also called Mursa Major, to distinguish it from JIursella (Mersella) or Mursa Minor, was an important Roman colony, founded by Hadrian in Lower Pannonia, and had the surname Aelia. It was the residence of the governor of the country, on the Dravus, and there the roads met leading from Aquincum, Celeia, and Poetovio. In its neighbourhood, Gallienus gained a victory over Ingebus ; and Constantino the Great made the town the seat of a bishop, a. d. 338. Its modern name is Essek, the capital of Slavonia. (Ptol. ii. 16. § 8, viii. 7. § 6 ; Aurel. Vict, de Caes. 33 ; Zosim. ii. 43 ; Steph. B. s. v. Mof'po-a ; Geogr. Rav. iv. 19 ; It. Ant. pp. 243, 265, 267, 331; It. Ilieros. p. 562 ; Orelli, Inscript. Nos. 3066,3281.) The Lesser Mursa (Mursa Minor or Mursella) was likewise situated in Lower Pannonia, ten miles to the west of Mursa Major, on the road from this latter place to Poetovio, near the modern village of Petrowicz, on the right bank of the Danube. (Ptol. ii. 16. § 7 ; Geogr. Rav. iv. 19 ; It. Hieros. p. 562; Tab. Pent.) [L. S.] MURSELLA. [Mursa.] MURUS CA'ESARIS. [Helveth, vol. i. p. 1042.] MUSAGORES {novcrdyopoi, Pomp. Mela, ii. 7. § 13), three islands lying off the E. coast of Crete, the position of which is described by Pliny (iv. 1 2. s. 20): " Circumvectis Criumetopon, tres Musagores appellatae." In Mr. Pashley's map they are repre- sented by Elaphonesia. (Comp. Hock. Kreta, vol. i. p. 378.) [E.B.J.] MUSARNA (Movffdpva, Ptol. vi. 21. § 5, vi. 8. §9; Marcian. Peripl. 29 — 32, up. Geogr. Graec. Min. ed. Miiller, 1855), a spot on the shore of Gedrosia, as may be inferred from the comparison of the au- MUTINA. 377 thorities. Ptolemy mentions two places of the name one in Gedrosia, and the other in Caraniania ; but there can be no doubt that the same place is in- tended. Arrian speaks of a place which he calls ra. Mocrapva, on the coast of Gedrosia, which was occu - pied by the Ichthyophagi (hidic. 26). Vincent, who has examined this geographical question with much care, thinks that this port must have been situated a little west of the modem cape Passenee or Pastnee. {Voyage of Nearckus, vol. i. p. 242.) The differ- ence of position in the ancient geographers may be accounted for by the fact that Musarna must have been on the boundary between Gedrosia and Cara- mania. Ptolemy speaks of a tribe, whom he calls Musarnaei (Wlovaapvaioi, vi. 21. § 4). There can be little doubt that they were the people who lived around Musarna. [V.] MUSO'XES (Amm. Marc. sxix. 5. § 27 ; Mou- (Towoi, Ptol. iv. 3. § 24 ; Mussini, Plin. v. 4. s. 4 ; JIusunii, Pent. Tab.), a jIoorish tribe, who joined in the revolt of Firnius. (Amm. Marc. I. c. ; comp. St. Martin, Le Beau, Bas Empire, vol. iii. p. 47.5.) [E. B.J.] MUSTI (Moi/o-T^, Ptol. iv. 3. § 33), a town of Numidia, which the Antonine Itinerary places at 34 M. P. (32 M. P. Pent. Tab.) from Sicca Veneria, 92 M. P. from Sufetula, 86 M. P. from Carthage, 119 M. P. (by Tipasa) to Cirta; all which distances (considering that the roads are indirect) agree with, the position assigned to it by Shaw (Trav. p. 179) and Barth (^Wanderungen, p. 221) at 'Abd-er- Rabbi, so called from the tomb of a " Marabout." According to Vibius Sequester {de Flum. p. 7), it was near the river Bagradas ; but Shaw (/. c), who first discovered the site, by the remains of a triumphal arch, and a stone with an inscription bearing the ethnic name " Musticensium," speaks of it as being at some distance from the present course of the Mejerdah. [E. B. J.] MUSULA'MII (Tac. Ann. ii. 52, iv. 24 ; Mitroi- Aa/noi, Ptol. iv. 3. § 24 ; Misulanii, Pent. Tab.), a Jloorish tribe, whom Ptolemy {I. c.) places to the S. of Cirta, at the foot of Audum. Tacitus (/. c.) gives them a more westerly position, and describes the defeat of this powerful tribe imder Tacfarinas, their leader. [E. B. J.] MUTE'NUM, a place in Upper Pannonia, on the road from Vindobona to Celeia, and probably occu- pying the same site as the modern Muzon. {It, Ant. pp. 233, 266 ; Cluver, Vindel. 5.) [L. S.] MUTHUL, a river of Numidia, which, from its being in the division belonging to Adherbal, must be looked for towards the E. of that country. (Sail. Jug. 48.) [E. B. J.] MUTINA (MouTiVij, Strab. ; Uorlvq, Pol. ; tHovTiva,. Ptol. : Eth. Mutinensis : Modena), an im- portant city of Gallia Cispadana, situated on the Via Aemilia, between Parma and Bononia. It was 35 miles distant from the former, and 25 from the latter city. (Strab. v. p. 216; Itin. Ant. p. 127; Itin. Hier. p. 616.) It appears to have certainly existed previous to the conquest of this part of Italy by the Romans, and was not impro- bably of Etruscan origin. Livy tells us, that the district or territory in which it was situated, was taken from the Boians, and had previously belonged to the Etruscans (Liv. xxxix. 55) ; but he does not mention the city. Nor do we know at what period the latter fell into the hands of the Romans, though it was probably during the Gaulish War (B.C. 225 — 222), as we find it in their undisturbed
