32 ILICI. Edetani and Celtiberi on the S., the Vascones on the W., on the N. and NE. the small peoples at the foot of the Pyrenees, as the Jaccetani, Cas- TELLANi, AusET^VNi, and Cekretani, and on the 8E. the CoSETANi. Besides Ilerda, their chief cities were: — the colony of Celsa (Velilla, near Xdsa), OscA (Huesca), famous in the story of Ser- torius; and Athanagia, which Livy (xxi. 61) maki's their capital, but which no other writer names. On the great road from Italy into the N. of Spain, reckoning from Tarraco, stood Ilekda, 62 M. P.; ToLOUS, 32 M. P., in the conventus of Caesar- augusta, and with the civitas Romana(Plin.); J'er- tusa, 18 M. P. (^Pertusa, on the Alcanadre) ; OscA, 19 M. P., whence it was 46 M. P. to Caesaraugusta {Itin. Ant. Y>. 391). On a loop of the same road, starting from Caesaraugusta, were : — Gallicum, 1 5 M. P., on the river Gallicus {Zwnra, on the Gallegn) ; BoRTiNAE, 18 M. p. (Bovpriva, Ptol.: Tori- iios); OscA, 12 M. P.; Caus, 29 M.P.; MExni- CL'LKiA, 19 M. P. (probably Monzon); Ilerda, 22 JM. P. {Itin. Ant. pp. 451, 452). On the road from Caesaraugusta, up the valley of the Gallicus, to Benearnum (Orthes) in Gallia, were, Foru.m Gallouum, 30 M. P. {G-urreu), and Ebellixu.m, 22 M. P. {Beilo), whence it was 24 il. P. to the sum- mit of the pass over the Pyrenees {Itin.Ant. p. 452). Besides these places, Ptolemy mentions Bergusia Bep7oi/o-i'a : Balaguer}, on the Sicoris ; Bergidl'.m (Be'p7(5ov); Erga ('£^70); SUCCOSA (^oviCKwaa); Gai.lica Flavia (TdWiKa ^kaovia: Fraja?); and Orgi. ('ripicia, prob. Orrjarjnn), a name also found on coins (Sestini, Med. Isp. p. 99), while the same coins bear the name of Aesones, and in- scriptions found near the Sicoris have Aesoxensis and Jessonensis (Muratori, Nov. Thes. p. 1021, Nos. 2, 3; Spon, Misc. Erud. Ant. p. 188), with which the Gessorienses of Pliny may perhaps have some connection. Beksical is mentioned on coins (Sestini, p. 107), and Octogesa (prob. La Granja, at the confluence of the Seffre and the Ebro) by Caesar {B. C. i. 61 ; Ukert, vol. ii. pt. 1. pp. 450—453). [P. S,] ILE'SIUM. [EiLESiUM.] I'LICI or IL'LICI (Itin. Ant. p. 401 ; 'Uikioj
- j 'lAAifci's, Ptol. ii. 6. § 62 : FAche), an inland city
of the Contestani, but near the coast, on which it had a pirt ('lAAiKirai-bs t/J.riv, Ptol. I. c. § 14), lying just in the middle of the hay formed by the Pr. Saturni and Dianium, which was called lUici- tanus Sinus. The city itself stood at the distance of 52 M. P. from Carthago Nova, on the great road to Tarraco (Itin. Aiit. p. 401), and was a Colonia immunis, with the jus Italicum (Plin. iii. 3. s. 4 ; Paulus, Dig. viii. de Cens.). Its coins are extant of the period of the empire (Florez, Med. de Fsp. vol. ii. p. 458; Sestini, p. 166; Mionnet, vol. i. p. 45, Suppl. vol. i. p. 90; Eckhel, vol. i. p. 51). Pliny adds to his mention of the pilace ; in earn omtribuuntur Icositani. (Ukert, vol. ii. pt. 1. pp. 402, 403.) [P. S.] ILIENSES ('Ii€7j, Paus.), a people of the inte- rior of Sardinia, who appear to have been one of the most considerable of the mountain tribes in that island. Mela calls them " antiquissimi in ea popu- loruin," and Pliny also mentions them among the " celeberrimi populorum" of Sardinia. (Rlel. ii. 7. § 19; Plin. iii. 7. s. 13.) Pausanias, who terms them 'lAifT?, distinctly ascribes to them a Trojan origin, and derives them from a portion of the com- ILIPA. panions of Aeneas, who settled in the island, and remained there in quiet until they were compelled by the Africans, who subsequently occupied the coasts of Sardinia, to take refuge in the more rugged and inaccessible mountain districts of the interior. (Paus. X. 17. § 7.) This tale has evidently ori- ginated in the resendjlance of the name of Ilienses, in the form which the Romans gave it, to that of the Trojans; and the latter part of the story was in- vented to account for the apparent anomaly of a people that had come by sea dwelling in the interior of the island. What the native name of the ilienses was, we know not, and we are wholly in the dark as to their real origin or ethnical affinities : but their existence as one of the most considerable tribes of the interior at the period of the Roman conquest, is well ascertained ; and they are repeatedly mentioned by Livy as contending against the supremacy of Rome. Their first insurrection, in B.C. 181, was repressed, rather than put down, by the praetor M.Pinarius; and in b.c. 178, the Ilienses and Balari, in conjunction, laid waste all the more fertile and settled parts of the island ; and were even able to meet the consul Ti.Sempronins Gracchus in a pitched battle, in which, however, they were defeated with hea^y loss. In the course of the following year they appear to have been reduced to complete sub- mission ; and their name is not again mentioned in history. (Liv. xl. 19,34, xli. 6, 12, 17.) The situation and limits of the territory occupied by the Ilienses, cannot be determined : but we find them associated with the Balari and Corsi, as inha- biting the central and mountainous districts of the island. Their name is not found in Ptolemy, though he gives a long list of the tribes of the interior. llany writers have identified the Ilienses with the lolaenses or lolai, who are also placed in the interior of Sardinia ; and it is not improbable that they were really the .same people, but ancient authors certainly make a distinction between the two. [E. H. B.] ILIGA. [Heltce.] I'LIPA. 1. ("lAiTTo, Strab. iii. pp. 141, seq. ; 'IXKiTTa ^ AaiTTa nfyaArj, Ptol. ii. 4. § 13 ; Ilipa cognomine Ilia, Plin. iii. 1. s. 3, according to tiie corrupt reading which Sillig's last edition retains for want of a better : some give the epithet in the form Ilpa : Harduin reads Ilia, on the authority ot an inscription, which is almost certainly spurious, ap. Gruter, pp. 351,305, and Muratori, p. 1002), a city of the Turdetani, in Hispania Baetica, be- longing to the conventus of Hispalis. It sto<xl upon the right bank of the Baetis (^Guadalquiini-), 700 stadia from its mouth, at the point up to which the river was navigable for vessels of small burthen, and where the tides were no longer discernible. [Baetis.] On this and other grounds it has been identified with the Roman ruins near Penajlor. There were great silver mines in its neighbourhood]. (Strab. I. c, and pp. 174, 175 ; Plin. I. c; Itin.Ant. p. 41 1 ; Liv. XXXV. 1 ; Florez, Esp. S. vol. vii. COIN OF ILIPA.
