642 PLINTHINE. remains witliin tlie ruined walls art; a thcat)-o about 100 feet in diameter, and above it a cistern, 100 feel long, 70 broad, and 14 deep, excavated on tliree sides in the rock, and on the fourth constructed of masonry. In the acropolis Leake discovered some remains of Doric shafts of white marble, which he conjectures to have belonsjed to the temple of Athena, of which Dicaearchus speaks ( 1. 55) ; but the temple mentioned by Dicaearchus must have been at Old Pleuron, since Dicaearchus was a contem- porary of Aristotle and Theophrastus, and could not have been alive at the time of the foundation of New Pleuron. Dodwell, who visited the ruins of this city, erroneously maintains that they are those of Oeniadae, which were, however, situated among the marshes on the other side of the Achelous. Leake places Old Pleuron further south, at a site called Ghyfto-kastro, on the edge of the plain of il/eso- lonfihi, where there are a few Hellenic remains. (Leake, Nurthern Greece, vol. i. p. 115, seq., vol. iii. p. 539 ; Dodwell, Tour through Greece, vol. i. p. 96, seq.; Mure, Tour in Greece, vol. L p. 140, seq.) PLINTHINE (nxiveivn, Strab. svii. p. /99; Ptol. iv. 5. § 8; Stcph. B. s.v.), the frontier town of Aesjvpt towards Libya. It stood at the head of the Plinthinetic bay, in latitude 29° 40' N.,_ just within the JIareotic nome, but beyond the limits of the Delta proper. There are no remains enabling us to determine the exact ."^ite of this town; but it can- not have been far froiu Taposiris (.-1 bovsir), of which the ruins are still visible about 25 miles W. of Alexandroia. An inferior kind of wine was pro- duced in this region of Aegypt; and Hellanicus (Fr. 155) says that the people of Plinthine originally discovered the virtues of the grape. (Athen. i. p. 34.) L'^'- C. 1).] PLINTHINETICUS SINUS {UKiveivriTvs (coAttoj, Herod, ii. 6). the westernmost of the Medi- terranean harbours of Aegypt. It was indeed little more than a roadstead, and was exposed to the N. and NW. winds. W. of the Sinus Plinthineticus began the Eegio JIarmarica. [W. B. I).] PLISTIA Prestla), a town of the Samnites, mentioned only by Livy (ix. 21, 22) in a manner that affords but little clue to its position. It was besieged by the Samnites in B.C. 315, with the view of drawing off the Pomaiis from the siege of Saticula: they failed in this object, but made themselves masters of Plistia. The site is jirobably indicated by a village still called Prestla, about 4 miles from Sta Agata dei Goti, at the foot of the Monte Ta- hurno. [E. H. B.] PLISTUS. [Delphi.] PLITENDUS, a town of Phrygia on the river Alander, which is probably a branch of the San- garius. (Liv. xxxviii. 15.) PLITHANA (to XlKieava, Arrian, Per. Mar. Erythr. p. 29, Huds., p. 294, ed. C. Mliller, who reads Xla.iOava'), an important emporium in the Dachinabades in India, from which many onyx stones were exported. It is called by Ptolemy (vii. 1. § 82) Baethana {BalBava), the royal residence of Siro- ptolemaeus. In Pracrit it is also called Paif/inna, in Sanscrit Pratliist/imia ; it is the modern town of Pythan, or Pultanah upon the river Godaveri. (Vincent, Voyage of Nearchus, vol. ii. p. 412; Las- sen, Ind. Alterth. vol. i. p. 177 ; C. MuUer, ad Geogr. Graec. Min. vol. i. p. 294.) PLOTAE INSULAE. [STiiofiiAnr.s.] PLOTHEIA. [Attica, p. 330, b.] PODOCA. PLOTINO'POLIS (mcoTi (JttoAis, Ptol. iii. 11. § 13), a town of Thrace, on the road from Trajan- opolis to Hadrianopolis, and connected with Ileraclea by a by-road. {Itin. Ant. pp. 175, 322.) Ac- cording to the Itinerary, it was 21 miles distant from Hadrianopolis. It was probably founded by Trajan at tiie same time with Trajanopolis, and named after his consort Plotina. It was restored by Justinian. (Procop, Aed. iv. 11.) Variously identified with Dsjisr-Erkenc. Bludiii, and Demo- tica; but Pococke (iii. c. 4) thinks that the ruins near Uznn Kiupri belong to it. [T. H. D.] PLUMBA'RIA (Jlovfi€apia, Strab. iii. p. 159), a small island on the S. coast of Spain, probably that oif C. St. Martin. [T. H. D.] PLUVIA'LIA. [FoRTUNATAE Insulae.] PLUV^INA, a town of Pelagonia, to which the consul Sulpicius retired in his campaign against Philip, B. c. 200. (Liv. sxxi. 39.) Its position must be looked for in one of the valleys watered by the Erigon and its branches. [E. B. J.] PNIGEUS. [Phoenicus.] POCRPNIUJI, in Gallia, a name which appears in the Table on a mute from Aquae Bormonis (^Bour- bon t Archambault) to Augustodunum (^Autun). D'Anville finds a place named Perrigni, on the right bank of the Loire, E. by S. of Bourbon VArcham- &««ft, and he thinks that both the name and thedi.s- tance agree well enough with the Table. A French writer, cited by Ukert {Gallien, p. 467), places Pocrinium 1^ leagues from Perrigny, near the vil- lage La Brosse, where old ruins have been found ; and the place is called in old documents Po?it Ber- nachon on the Loii'e. [G. L.] PODALAEA (noSaAai'a, UodaWia, UoSaKia, or noSdAeia: Lth. noSaAeairr)?), a town of Lycia, situated in the neighbourhood of Limyra (Steph. B. s. v.); but according to Ptolemy (v. 3. § 7) not far from the sources of the Xanthus in the north of Lycia. (Comp. Plin. v. 28; Hierocl. p. 683.) Sir C. Fellows {Lycia, p. 232, &c.) looks for its site further east towards Mount Solynia, where remains of an ancient town (Cyclopian walls and rock-tombs) near A Imalec, are still found, and are known by the name of Eski Hissar. i. e. old town. [L. S.] PODANDUS (noSai/Sds, Basil. Ep. 74, 75; It. Anton, p. 145; i} noSevSus, Const. Porphyr. de Them. i. p. 19, Bonn; IloSacSeiis, Const. Porphyr. Vit. Basil, c. 36; Opodanda, It. Hieros. p. 578), a town of Cappadocia distant 16 Roman miles from Faustinopolis, according to the Antonine Itinerary (I. c), but 23 according to the Jerusalem Itinerary (I. c). It was situated near the Pylae Ciliciae. It is frequently mentioned by the Byzantine writers, and is said to have taken its name from a small stream which flowed near it. (Constant. Porphyr. Vit. Basil, c. 36; Cedren. p. 575; Joann. Scylitz. pp. 829, 844.) It is described by Basil as a most nnserable place. " Figure to yourself," he says, " a Laconian Ceada, a Charonium breathing forth pes- tilential vapours; you will then have an idea of the wretchedness of Podandus." {Ep. 74.) It is still called Podend. (Cramer, Asia Minor, vol. ii. p. 134.) PODO'CA (no5w«-Tj or Tiov^diK-r], Ptol. vii. 1. § 14 ; noSourerj, Peripl. Mar. Erythr. c. 60), a place near the coast of Malabar, not fixr from the Cdvery river. According to Bohlen {Ind. vol. i. p. 26), the name is a corruption of Podukeri (the new town). (Ciimp. also Ritter, vol. v. p. 516.) It is not unlikely that the name has been preserved in the
