and 'Only the Governess' (1888). Her last novel, 'The Sunny Side of the Hill,' appeared in 1908. Besides novels Miss Carey wrote short stories, many of which were issued by the Religious Tract Society, and a volume of brief biographies, 'Twelve Notable Good Women of the Nineteenth Century' (1899). Miss Carey held orthodox and conservative views of life, and like that of Charlotte Mary Yonge [q. v. Suppl. II] and Elizabeth Missing Sewell [q. v. Suppl. II] her fiction favoured high church principles. Her plots closely resemble one another, and her style lacks distinction. But her sentiment was well adapted to girls, who were her most numerous and appreciative readers. She mainly depicts women of a generation whose education and sphere of action were restricted by a convention which no longer prevails. Miss Carey led a retired life, but formed many close and enduring friendships. Her most intimate friends were Mrs. Henry Wood [q. v.], her son, Charles Wood, and Miss H. M. Burnside. She resided for about thirty-nine years at Hampstead, and then for aboiit twenty years at Putney, where she died on 19 July 1909, at Sandilands, Keswick Road. She was buried in the West Hampstead cemetery.
[The Times, 20 July 1909; Helen C. Black, Notable Women Authors of the Day, 1893; Pratt, People of the Period, 1897; private information.]
CARLISLE, ninth Earl of. [See Howard, George James (1843–1911).]
CARNEGIE, JAMES, sixth de facto and ninth de jure Earl of Southesk (1827–1905), poet and antiquary, born at Edinburgh on 16 Nov. 1827, was eldest son in a family of three sons and two daughters of Sir James Carnegie, fifth baronet of Pittarow, by his wife Charlotte, daughter of Daniel Lysons [q. v.] of Hempstead Court, Gloucester. The father, who was fifth in descent from Alexander, fourth son of David Carnegie, first earl of Southesk, laid claim without success to the family earldom which had been forfeited in 1715 on the attainder of James Carnegie, fifth earl, for his share in the Jacobite rebellion of that year.
Educated at Edinburgh Academy and Sandhurst, young Carnegie obtained a commission in the Gordon highlanders in 1845, was transferred in 1846 to the grenadier guards, and retired on succeeding his father as sixth baronet in 1849. A man of cultivated taste, he practically rebuilt the family residence, Kinnaird Castle, Brechin, in 1854, and collected there with much zest antique gems, mainly intaglios (from 1879), pictures by the old masters, books, and some hundred and fifty cylinders Assyrian, Hittite, Babylonian, Persian, and Accadian. But he disposed of much of the extensive family property elsewhere, selling his estate of Glendye to Sir Thomas Gladstone, baronet. Renewing his father's claim to the earldom of Southesk in 1855, he obtained on 2 July an Act of Parliament reversing the attainder of 1715, and was confirmed in the title by the House of Lords on 24 July. In 1869, on Gladstone's recommendation, he was made a knight of the thistle, and on 7 Dec. of the same year a peer of the United Kingdom, with the title Baron Balinhard of Farnell. In 1859 Southesk undertook in search of health a prolonged hunting expedition in Western Canada. He traversed some of the wildest and least known parts of the Rockies about the sources of the rivers Athabasca and Saskatchewan. He returned home in 1860, and was made a fellow of the Geographical Society. After a long interval he published 'Saskatchewan and the Rocky Mountains' (1875), a spirited account of his experiences in diary farm. Meanwhile he had engaged in other forms of literature. 'Herminius, a romance' (1862), was followed by an essay on art criticism, 'Britain's Art Paradise : or Notes on some of the Pictures of the Royal Academy of 1871' (1871). In 1875 he published anonymously his first poetical work, 'Jonas Fisher : a Poem in Brown and White,' a rather crude effort at satire on current extravagances in art, poetry of the Rossetti type, and emotional religion. On its publication the book was assigned in a hostile review in the 'Examiner' to Robert Buchanan [q. v. Suppl. II]. Buchanan deemed this erroneous attribution one of the grounds for a successful action of libel against Peter A. Taylor, the proprietor of the 'Examiner.' Other verse from Southesk's pen often presented scenes of adventure in vigorous and simple metre; it included 'Lurida Lumina' (1876), 'Greenwood's Farewell and other Poems' (1876), 'The Meda Maiden and other Poems' (1877) (inspired by Longfellow's 'Hiawatha'), and 'The Burial of Isis and other Poems' (1884). 'Suomira, a fantasy,' privately printed in 1893, was a curious experiment in metre printed as prose.
Southesk devoted his later years to recondite antiquarian research, which he pursued with thoroughness and judgment. A prominent member of the Society of
