and for his services he was again mentioned in despatches and promoted to the rank of staff surgeon. For rescuing from drowning a gunner of the royal artillery who had fallen overboard in the Waitotara river, he received the bronze medal of the Royal Humane Society.
When the Franco-Prussian war broke out in 1870, Manley was placed in charge of the B division of the British ambulance corps, which was attached to the 22nd division of the Prussian army. He was present at several engagements, and afterwards received the German steel war medal and the Bavarian order of merit. William I, the German Emperor, at the request of the Crown Prince, decorated him with the second class of the iron cross for his conduct in seeking for the wounded of the 22nd division in the actions of Chateauneuf and Bretoncelle on 18 and 21 Nov. and the battles of Orleans and Cravant on 10 Dec. 1870. He was also present at the siege of Paris, and for his attention to wounded Frenchmen he received the cross of the Societe de Secours aux Blesses. Manley served with the Quetta field force in the Afghan war of 1878-9, and was present at the occupation of Kandahar, receiving the thanks of the viceroy and the medal. He was principal medical officer under Sir Edward Hamley during the war in Egypt of 1882, and he was present at the battle of Tel-el-Kebir. He was promoted to the rank of deputy surgeon-general, and retired from the army in 1884 with the honorary rank of surgeon-general, being made C.B. in 1894. In 1896 he was granted a distinguished service pension.
Manley, who was noted for his physical and moral courage, was a trustworthy and pleasant comrade. He spared no pains to keep himself abreast of scientific progress in his profession both as it affected military surgery and hospital administration. He died at Lansdown Terrace, Cheltenham, on 16 Nov. 1901.
He married in 1869 Maria Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Thomas Harwood Darton of Temple Dinsley, Hertfordshire, and left five sons and one daughter.
[Lancet, 1901, ii. 1459; Brit. Med. Journal, 1901, ii. 1554; The Times, 19 Nov. 1901.]
MANNERS, Lord JOHN JAMES ROBERT, seventh Duke of Rutland (1818–1906), politician, born at Belvoir Castle on 13 Dec. 1818, was second son in the family of three sons and four daughters of John Henry Manners, fifth duke of Rutland, by Lady Elizabeth, daughter of Frederick Howard, fifth earl of Carlisle [q. v.]. His elder brother was Charles Cecil John Manners, sixth duke of Rutland [q. v.]. After education at Eton, he entered Trinity College, Cambridge, as a fellow-commoner on 17 Oct. 1836 and graduated M.A. in 1839. Neither at school nor at college did he show much promise, but at Cambridge he was an active member of the Camden Society, which had for its object the 'restoring of English churches on Gothic principles,' and inclined to advanced Anglicanism. On leaving the university he travelled with his elder brother in France, Switzerland, Italy, and in Spain. In the last country he visited Don Carlos, with whose cause he was in sympathy. The impressions made on him by this journey he set forth in verse under the title of 'Memorials of other Lands.' These 'Memorials' appeared in 1841 as part of a volume called 'England's Trust and other Poems,' which was dedicated to Lord John's friend, George Augustus Smythe, afterwards seventh Viscount Strangford [q. v.]. A couplet in the chief poem:
Let wealth and commerce, laws and learning die,
But leave us still our old nobility,
obtained permanent currency, and exposed its author to much ridicule. The ingenuous lines did an, injustice to Lord John's real beliefs and aspiration. In spite of conservative temperament and firm faith in aristocracy, he entertained no selfish claims to privilege of caste, and was ambitious, before all things, of helping to improve the condition of the poor. He continued his endeavours in patriotic poetry in a second volume, 'English Ballads and other Poems' (1850), and also published in early life 'Notes of an Irish Tour' (1849) and 'A Cruise in Scotch Waters on board the Duke of Rutland's yacht "Resolution" in 1848 (folio, 1850), illustrated by John Christian Schetky [q. v.]. Although he thenceforth only published occasional political speeches and lectures, he cultivated literary tastes till the end of his life.
Meanwhile, in 1841, in his twenty-third year. Manners entered parliament as conservative member for Newark. Gladstone, still a tory, was his colleague, and he described Manners as an excellent candidate, a popular and effective speaker, and a good canvasser by virtue of his kindly disposition (Morley's Gladstone, i. 238). With Gladstone Manners's personal relations, despite the divergence of their political
