new policy of tariff reform, and declared his allegiance anew to his early principles.
The duke was not deeply interested in sport, but he held for a time the hereditary mastership of the Belvoir hounds, the private pack of the dukes of Rutland which was instituted in 1720, and has since been in their ownership. For a short period Lord Edward Manners (d. 1900) was field master under his father; since 1896 Sir Gilbert Greenall has hunted the hounds with a subscription.
The ducal property lay principally in Leicestershire and Derbyshire, and the duke had a London house in Cambridge Gate, Hyde Park. In 1892 he sold his Choveley estate, near Cambridge, to Harry Leslie Blundell McCalmont [q. v. Suppl. II.], giving as his reason the injurious consequences of a system of free trade. On 17 June 1896 he was granted the additional title of Baron Roos of Belvoir.
The duke was made LL.D. of Cambridge in 1862; D.C.L. of Oxford in 1876; and G.C.B. in 1880. He was master of the Shipwrights' Company; chairman of the Tithes Redemption Trust; high steward of the borough of Cambridge; and hon. colonel of the 3rd battalion of the Leicestershire regiment.
He died at Belvoir on 4 Aug. 1906, and was buried there. He married twice: (1) on 10 June 1851 Catherine Louisa Georgiana (d. 1854), only daughter of Colonel George Marlay, C.B., of Belvedere, co. Westmeath; and (2) in 1862 Janetta (d. 1899), eldest daughter of Thomas Hughan of Airds, Galloway. By the first marriage he had one son, Henry John Brinsley, who succeeded him as eighth duke. By his second wife the duke had five sons and three daughters.
A kit-cat portrait by J. R. Herbert and a full-length by Sir Hubert von Herkomer are at Belvoir, together with two other paintings. Cartoon portraits appeared in 'Vanity Fair' in 1869 (by 'Ape') and in 1881.
[The Times, Standard, Manchester Guardian, and Leicester Post, 5 Aug. 1906; W. F. Monypenny's Life of Lord Beaconsfield; Gathorne Hardy's First Earl of Cranbrook, 2 vols. 1910; Croker Papers, 1884, vol. iii.; Sir W. Fraser, Disraeli and his Day, 1891; private sources. A life by Mr. Charles Whibley is in preparation.]
MANNING, JOHN EDMONDSON (1848–1910), unitarian divine, son of John Manning, schoolmaster in Liverpool, was born there on 22 March 1848. His preparation for the ministry was largely due to his brother-in-law, George Beaumont, unitarian minister at Gateacre. He studied at Queen's College Liverpool (1866–8), Manchester New College, London (1868–73), and at Leipzig (1875–6); he graduated B.A. at London University in 1872; was Hibbert scholar in 1873, and proceeded M.A. in 1876. His settlements in the ministry were Swansea (1876–89) and Upper Chapel, Sheffield (1889–1902). While at Swansea he was (1878-88) visitor and examiner in Hebrew and Greek to the Presbyterian College, Carmarthen. Of the Unitarian Home Missionary College, Manchester, he was visitor (1892–4), and from 1894 till his death tutor in Old Testament, Hebrew, and philosophy. His ministries had been greatly successful, and his sound learning gave distinction to his academic career.
He died (of the effects of pleurisy, contracted on a holiday in Italy) on 30 April 1910, at his residence, Harper Hill, Sale, Manchester. He was buried in the Dan-y-Graig cemetery, Swansea. He married in 1879 Emma, youngest daughter of George Browne Brock, J.P. (formerly minister at Swansea), who survived him with three daughters.
He published, besides separate sermons and tracts:
- 'A History of Upper Chapel, Sheffield,' Sheffield, 1900 (one of the best congregational histories).
- 'Addresses at the Unitarian Home Missionary College,' Manchester, 1903 (six addresses biennially from 1895, on topics of his chair, also separately issued).
- 'Thomas a Kempis, and the "De Imitatione Christi,"' Manchester, 1907 (a valuable excursus).
[Christian Life, 7 May 1910 (memoir by present writer); Manning's Hist. Upper Chapel, 1900.]
MANNS, Sir AUGUST (1826–1907), conductor of the Crystal Palace concerts, born at Stolzenburg, near Stettin, Pomerania, on 12 March 1825, was fifth child of the foreman in a glass factory. He learnt music from a musician at Torgelow, and was then apprenticed to Urban of Elbing. Having mastered the violin and several wind instruments, he entered the band of a Danzig regiment as clarinettist. In 1849 he led Gung'l's orchestra at Berlin; at Christmas he obtained his first conductor's post, at Kroll's Garten. Theoretical instruction he received from professor Geyer. After Kroll's Garten was burnt down in 1851 Manns became bandmaster in Von Roon's regiment at Koenigsberg;
