minated by them lord-lieutenant of Westmoreland (9 Feb. 1642, Parliamentary History, x. 287). But he joined the king at York in May 1642, signed the engagement of 13 June promising to support the king, and promised to raise and pay fifty horse for three months (22 June 1642). At the request of the Yorkshire gentlemen he became colonel of the regiment raised by them, under the title of the Prince of Wales's regiment, for the defence of the king's person. Also at their request the king left him at York as commander-in-chief in that county, with Sir Thomas Glemham to act as his lieutenant (Clarendon, Rebellion, v. 445). The appointment was unfortunate, for Cumberland had 'very much acceptation and affection from the gentlemen and the common people, but he was not in any degree active or of a martial temper' (ib.) In the words of a contemporary news-letter 'the Earl of Cumberland stands for a cipher, they do what they please without his advice' (Terrible News from York). In October 1642 he was besieged in York and obliged to appeal to the Earl of Newcastle to march into Yorkshire to relieve him (Newcastle, p. 335). On Newcastle's arrival he delivered up his command to him (December 1642, Rushworth, iii. 2, 78). Cumberland died on 11 Dec. 1643 in one of the prebend's houses in York, and was buried in Skipton Church on 31 Dec. (Whitaker, History of Craven, p. 252). By his death the earldom of Cumberland in the family of Clifford became extinct, and the estates reverted to the Lady Anne Clifford, wife of Philip, earl of Pembroke. All his children except Elizabeth, countess of Cork, had died young. He is described by the Countess of Pembroke as 'endued with a good natural wit, a tall and proper man, a good courtier, a brave horseman, an excellent huntsman, had a good skill in architecture and mathematics, and was much favoured by King James and King Charles.' He was the author of:
- 'The Declaration of the Right Honourable Henry, Earl of Cumberland, together with divers Gentlemen of the County of York,' York, 1642.
- 'Poetical Translations of some Psalms and the Song of Solomon, by that noble and religious soul, now sainted in heaven, Henry, E. of Cumberland,' a manuscript bequeathed by Dr. Rawlinson to the Bodleian, which has secured its writer a place in Dr. Bliss's edition of Wood's 'Athenæ' (iii. 82).
Several letters by him are printed in the 'Strafford Papers' and the 'Fairfax Correspondence.'
[Doyle's Official Baronage; Domestic State Papers; Clarendon's Rebellion; Life of the Duke of Newcastle, ed. 1886; Whitaker's History of Craven; Strafford Letters; Carte's Ormonde, ed. 1851; and the other works above referred to.]
CLIFFORD, HENRY (1768–1813), legal writer, was the second son of the Hon. Thomas Clifford of Tixall, Staffordshire (brother to Hugh, fourth lord Clifford), by his wife Barbara, youngest daughter and co-heiress of James, fifth lord Aston, and niece to Thomas and Edward, dukes of Norfolk, and to George, earl of Shrewsbury. He was born on 2 March 1768; studied at Liege with his eldest brother Thomas, created a baronet in 1815; and on his return to England applied himself to the law, and soon after the passing of the Catholic Act of 1792 was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn (Gillow, Bibl. Dict. of the English Catholics, i. 508). He was very learned in the law and a warm advocate of the liberties of the people. His personal exertions in the memorable 'O. P.' contest at Covent Garden Theatre brought him prominently before the public (Evans, Cat. of Engraved Portraits, No. 14320). He was a sincere catholic, and it was chiefly owing to his efforts that a catholic chapel was opened at Chelsea in 1812. He died at Bath on 22 April 1813. Three months previously he had married Anne Teresa, youngest daughter of Edward Ferrers of Baddesley-Clinton, Warwickshire.
The following works were written by or have reference to him: 1 . 'Reflections on the Appointment of a Catholic Bishop [Douglass] to the London District, in a letter to the Catholic Laity of the said District,' Lond. 1790, 8vo. 2. 'A Report of the Two Cases of Controverted Elections of the Borough of Southwark, &c.; to which are added an account of the two subsequent cases of the city of Canterbury, and an appendix on the right of the returning officer to administer the oath of supremacy to Catholics,' Lond. 1797 and 1802, 8vo. A copy in the British Museum contains a manuscript letter from the author to Francis Hargrave. 3. 'Proceedings in the House of Lords in the Case of Benjamin Flower, printer, for a supposed Libel on the Bishop of Landaff; to which are added the arguments in the King's Bench on a motion for an Habeas Corpus,' Lond. 1800, 8vo (Clarke, Bibl. Legum, pp.176, 314). 4. 'Observations on the Doctrines advanced during the late Elections, in a letter to Samuel Whitbread, Esq.,' 1807, 8vo (Watt, Bibl. Brit.) 5. 'Clifford for ever! O. P., and no P. B. The trial between H. Clifford, plaintiff, and J. Brandon, defendant, for an assault and false imprisonment as the plaintiff was quitting Covent Garden Theatre, 31 Oct. 1809,' Lond. [1809], 8vo. 6. 'The
