an old manorhouse called Sculpins at Finchingfield, Essex, which now became ‘a little college.’ Father and sons preached by turns in the family, ‘and the neighbours came in.’ When they were dispersed Fairclough went to live with his youngest son, a conforming minister at Kennett, Cambridgeshire, and then with his daughters at Heveningham, Suffolk, and Stowmarket in the same county successively. He died at Stowmarket 14 Dec. 1677, aged 84, and was buried near the vestry door of the church. He published:
- ‘The Troublers troubled, or Achan condemned and executed. A sermon … Apr. 4, 1641,’ 4to, London, 1641.
- ‘The Prisoners Praises for their deliverance from their long imprisonment in Colchester, on a day of publique thanksgiving, set apart for that purpose by the Gentlemen of the Committee of Essex, … surprised by the enemie at Chelmesford. In a sermon … Ps. cxlix. 6–8, preached at Rumford Septemb. 28, 1648,’ 4to, London, 1650.
- ‘Ἅγιοι ἄξιοι, or the Saints worthinesse and the worlds worthlessnesse, … declared in a sermon [on Heb. xi. 38] … at the funerall of … Sr Nathaniel Barnardiston,’ 4to, London, 1653.
- ‘The Pastor's Legacy,’ 12mo, London, 1663. His portrait, a small head by F. H. van Hove, is in Clarke's ‘Lives’ (1683), p. 153 b.
His second son, Samuel Fairclough (1625?–1691), was a fellow of Caius College, Cambridge, and afterwards rector of Houghton Conquest, Bedfordshire, but was ejected in 1662. In 1672 he was licensed a congregational teacher at Chippenham, Cambridgeshire. He died 31 Dec. 1691, aged 66, and was buried at Heveningham, Suffolk, his funeral sermon having been preached by a conformist, Nathaniel Parkhurst, vicar of Yoxford. There are memorials to him and his wife, Frances Folkes of Kedington, in Heveningham Church. It appears that he published nothing but an ‘offertory’ in verse in ‘Suffolk's Tears; or, Elegies on … Sir Nathaniel Barnardiston,’ 4to, London, 1653; a ‘brief account of some remarkable passages of the life and death of Mrs. Anne Barnardiston,’ prefixed to John Shower's funeral sermon for that lady, 4to, London, 1682, and an ‘epistle’ before the funeral sermon for his brother-in-law, Richard Shute, in 1689.
[Clarke's Lives of sundry Eminent Persons, 1683, pp. 153 b–192; Calamy's Nonconf. Memorial (Palmer, 1802), i. 283, iii. 272–82; Brook's Puritans, ii. 421 n.; Browne's Hist. of Congregationalism in Norfolk and Suffolk, p. 598; Davids's Annals of Evangelical Nonconformity in Essex, pp. 609–15; Granger's Biog. Hist. of England (2nd edit.), iii. 39–40; Evans's Cat. of Engraved Portraits, i. 118.]
FAIRFAX, BRIAN, LL.D. (1633–1711), politician, second son of the Rev. Henry Fairfax (1588–1665) [q. v.], was born at the rectory at Newton Kyme, Yorkshire, on 6 Oct. 1633. He gives some account of his early life in a manuscript narrative written for his sons, and printed in Mr. C. R. Markham's ‘Life of Admiral R. Fairfax,’ pp. 133–46. He was educated for four years at a school at Coxwold in Yorkshire, whence he was sent to Trinity College, Cambridge, and in due course took the degrees of M.A. and LL.D. in that university. In 1658 he went to France with the Earl of Kildare, and on his return was present at the marriage of the Duke of Buckingham with his cousin Mary Fairfax at Nun Appleton, Yorkshire. When Buckingham was sent to the Tower by the Protector, Brian accompanied Lord Fairfax to Whitehall when he went to demand his son-in-law's release. Brian was constantly with Lord Fairfax during the latter years of his life, and was present at his death. At the end of 1659 Lord Fairfax sent Brian Fairfax on a delicate and dangerous mission to Monck, then in Scotland. In a tract named ‘Iter Boreale,’ published in the ‘Fairfax Correspondence,’ Fairfax describes his journey and his interview with the general. Upon his return he found Lord Fairfax, 1 Jan. 1660, calling to his standard the gentlemen of Yorkshire, and took an active part in their organisation. On 6 Jan. he was despatched upon a mission from Lord Fairfax to Lenthall, the speaker of the House of Commons, in London, with an explanation of the intention of the movements in the north. Before his return Monck had reached Yorkshire, and Fairfax was present at the interview between Monck and Lord Fairfax at Nun Appleton. Shortly afterwards, when the parliament sent a commission with Lord Fairfax at its head to the Hague to invite the return of Charles II, Brian accompanied his cousin in the capacity of private secretary. He was afterwards associated with the Duke of Buckingham in two diplomatic visits to the continent, and also acted as Buckingham's agent until prudence led him to resign. He was appointed equerry to Charles II on 21 Jan. 1670, and held the office until the king's death, when he resigned. He took no part in politics under James II. In 1688 he went over to Holland with his young son Brian to pay his respects to the Princess Mary, who was godchild to his cousin the Duchess of Buckingham. He was received very cordially, and when William III came to the throne Brian was made one of his equerries. At the age of fifty-six he found the duties onerous, and after three years he accepted the
