1661-2 he speaks of his continual bodily pains, and prognosticates that this will be the last time he will be able to write. A document in the state paper office, dated 9 April 1662, addressed by Samuel Hartlib to Secretary Nicholas, was (as Althaus shows) written by his son, also Samuel, who had some employment in the board of trade. But Andrew Marvell seems to refer to the elder Hartlib when he wrote, apparently about 1670, in an undated news-letter, that Hartlib had fled from his creditors to Holland, ‘with no intention of returning’ (Hist. MSS. Comm. 9th Rep. App. ii. p. 447).
Hartlib was an indefatigable writer, a man of honourable and benevolent character, and highly esteemed by the most illustrious of his contemporaries. His ingenious works, chiefly pamphlets on education and husbandry, illustrate the economic and social condition of his English contemporaries. The abridged titles are: 1.‘Conatuum Comenianorum Præludia ex Bibliotheca S. H. Oxoniæ,’ 1637. 2. ‘Reverendi et Clarissimi Viri Johannis Amos Comenii Pansophiæ Prodromus,’ 1639. 3. ‘A Briefe Relation of that which hath been lately attempted to procure Ecclesiasticall Peace among Protestants,’ 1641, 4to. 4. ‘A Description of the famous Kingdom of Macaria,’ &c., 1641, 4to; a pamphlet after the manner of More's ‘Utopia.’ 5. ‘A Reformation of Schooles, designed in two excellent Treatises,’ &c.; a translation from the Latin of Comenius, 1642, 4to. 6. ‘A Short Letter . . . intreating a Friend's Judgement upon Mr. Edwards his Booke,’ &c., 1644, 4to. Hartlib merely introduces the answer of Hezekiah Woodward. 7. ‘The Necessity of some nearer Conjunction . . . amongst Evangelicall Protestants,’ 1644, 4to. 8. ‘Considerations tending to the happy accomplishment of England's Reformation in Church and State’ [1647 ?], 4to. 9. ‘A Continuation of Mr. John-Amos-Comenius School Endeavours’ [1648]. 10. ‘London's Charity enlarged, stilling the Orphan's Cry . . .’ &c., 1650, 4to. 11. ‘Clavis Apocalyptica, or A Prophetical Key by which the great Mysteries in the Revelation of St. John and the Prophet Daniel are opened,’ &c., 1651, 8vo. 12. ‘An Invention of Engines of Motion lately brought to Perfection,’ &c. 13. ‘An Essay for Advancement of Husbandry Leaning, or Propositions for the errecting a Colledge of Husbandry,’ 1651, 4to. 14. ‘The Informed Husband-Man, or a brief Treatise of the Errors, Defects, and Inconveniences of our English Husbandry in Ploughing and sowing for Corn,’ &c., 1651, 4to. 15. ‘Samuel Hartlib, his Legacie, or an Enlargement of the Discourse of Husbandry used in Brabant and Flaunders,’ &c., 1651, 4to. 16. ‘Cornu Copia; a Miscellanium of Lucriferous and most Fructiferous Experiments, Observations, and Discoveries immethodically distributed,’ &c. [1652 ?], 4to. 17. ‘A Rare and New Discovery of a speedy way and easie means found out by a young Lady in England for the Feeding of Silk-worms in the Woods, on the Mulberry-tree leaves in Virginia,’ &c., 1652, 4to, arguing that it is more lucrative to produce silk than tobacco. 18. ‘The Reformed Spirituall Husband-man,’ &c., 1652, 4to. 19. ‘A Discoverie for Division or Setting out of Land as to the Best Form,’ &c. (by Hartlib and Cressy Dymock), 1653, 4to. 20. ‘The True and Readie Way to Learne the Latine Tongue,’ &c., 1654, 4to. 21. ‘The Compleat Husband-man, or a Discourse of the whole Art of Husbandry, both Forraign and Domestick,’ &c., 2pts. 1659, 4to. The title-page to pt. 2 is dated 1652. Letters from him to Evelyn are in Brit. Mus. Addit. MS. 15948, and a transcript of his correspondence with Worthington (1655-1662) is in Addit. MS. 32498. Hartlib issued in 1650, and again in 1652, ‘Discours of Husbandrie,’ by Sir Richard Weston (1591-1652) [q. v.]
[H. Dircks's Biographical Memoir of Samuel Hartlib, 1865; Diary and Correspondence of Dr. John Worthington, edited by J. Crossley and R. C. Christie, 1847-86 (Chetham Soc.); Masson's Life of Milton, iii. 193 n.; Fr. Althaus, Samuel Hartlib, ein deutschenglisches Charakterbild, Historisches Taschenbuch, 1884; Brit. Mus. Cat.]
HARTOG, NUMA EDWARD (1846–1871), senior wrangler, born in London 20 May 1846, was eldest son of M. Alphonse Hartog, a native of France and professor of French in London. Both his parents were of the Jewish faith. Hartog attended University College School and University College, London, and passed with remarkable distinction the B.A. and B.Sc. examinations at London University in 1864. Matriculating at Trinity College, Cambridge, in October 1865, he was elected a foundation scholar in 1866, and came out senior wrangler in the mathematical tripos of January 1869. As a Jew he declined to go through the ordinary ceremony of admission to the degree of B.A., and in accordance with a special grace passed unanimously by the senate on 29 Jan. 1869, the vice-chancellor admitted him to the degree without employing the form of words invoking the Trinity, to which Hartog objected. He won the second Smith's prize immediately afterwards, but the existence of religious tests prevented him from offering himself as a candidate for the fellowship at his college, which usually rewarded the senior wrangler.
