tianity in reforming the religion of the Jews abolished their 'abominable and absurd rites,' and that the purified religion which brought men to look on God as 'Our Father' had been corrupted by the foundation of a hierarchy. He rejected all 'mystery' in religion, and was unjustly accused of infidelity. Besides his papers in the 'Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh,’ and the works already mentioned, Hutton wrote: ‘A Dissertation upon the Philosophy of Heat, Light, and Fire,' 8vo, Edinburgh, 1794. He was also joint editor with Joseph Black of Adam Smith's 'Essays on Philosophical Subjects,' 1795.
[Playfair's Biographical Account in vol. v. of Transactions of Royal Society of Edinburgh; Kay's Edinburgh Portraits; Lyell's Principles of Geology, 12th edit. i. 4, 72, 81; Lyell's Elements of Geology, 6th edit. pp. 60, 88; A. Geikie's Introductory Address on the Scottish School of Geology, 'Nature,' v. 37, 52; Presidential Address to Edinburgh Geological Society, 1873, Trans. Edin. Geol. Soc. ii. 247.]
HUTTON, JOHN, M.D. (d. 1712), physician, a native of Caerlaverock, Dumfriesshire, began life as a herd-boy to the episcopalian minister of that parish. Through his master's kindness he received a good education, and became a physician, graduating M.D. at Padua. He chanced to be the nearest doctor at hand when the Princess Mary of Orange met with a fall from her horse in Holland, and thus gained the regard of Prince William, who on ascending the English throne appointed him his first physician. As such Hutton was admitted a fellow of the College of Physicians on 30 Sept. 1690, when he presented the college with a sum of money, and intimated that he hoped to be able to repeat his generosity. He accompanied the king to Ireland, and was with him at the battle of the Boyne and at the siege of Limerick. On 9 Nov. 1695 he was incorporated M.D. at Oxford, and was elected F.R.S. on 30 Nov. 1697. Queen Anne continued him in his place of first physician. He provided liberally for his poor relations. At his own expense he built in 1708 a manse for the minister at Caerlaverock, bequeathed to the parish 1,000l. sterling for pious and educational purposes, and also gave all his books to the ministers of the presbytery of Dumfries 'to be carefully kept in that town.' The collection, which at one time contained the prayer-book which Charles I carried to the scaffold, was suffered for many years to lie neglected in the ruinous attic of the presbytery house, but is now provided with more suitable accommodation. In 1710 Hutton was elected M.P. for the Dumfries burghs, and sat until his death. He died in 1712, and was apparently buried in Somerset House chapel. In his will, dated 13 Aug. and 2 Sept. 1712, and proved on the following 4 Dec., he describes himself as living in the parish of St. Clement's, Westminster (P. C. C. 236, Barnes).
[New Statistical Account of Scotland, iv. 350-351, 356-60; Foster's Members of Parliament of Scotland, 2nd edit., p. 191; Munk's Coll. of Phys. (1878), i. 481-2; Athenæum, 12 July 1884, pp. 51-2.]
HUTTON, JOHN (1740?–1806), author, born about 1740, was a cousin of William Hutton (1735?-1811) [q. v.], and was educated at St. John's College, Cambridge. He went out B. A. in 1763 as third wrangler, subsequently becoming fellow and tutor of his college. In 1766 he proceeded M. A., and about the same time was presented by his family to the vicarage of Burton in Kendal, Westmoreland. In 1769 he was chosen moderator and senior taxor at Cambridge. He commenced B.D. in 1774. He died in August 1806, aged 66 (Gent. Mag. 1806, pt. ii. p. 875), leaving an only daughter, Agnes, married to Captain Johnson of Mains Hall, Herefordshire. He is author of 'A Tour to the Caves in the Environs of Ingleborough and Settle in the West-Riding of Yorkshire,' 2nd edit., 8vo, London, 1781, addressed to Thomas Pearson of Burton in Kendal, in a letter signed ‘J. H.' Appended is a glossary of north of England words, which was reprinted by the English Dialect Society in 1873.
[Cambridge Calendar; Le Neve's Fasti, ed. Hardy, iii. 644; Boyne's Yorkshire Library, p. 125; Burke's Landed Gentry, i. 680.]
HUTTON, LUKE (d. 1598), criminal, is stated by Sir John Harington to have been a younger son of Matthew Hutton, archbishop of York; but Fuller, whose account is adopted by Thoresby and Hutchinson, asserts, with more probability, that he was the son of Robert Hutton, rector of Houghton-le-Spring and prebendary of Durham. Luke Hutton matriculated as a sizar of Trinity College, Cambridge, in October 1582; left the university without a degree, and took to evil courses. He was 'so valiant that he feared not men nor laws' (Harington). In 1598, for a robbery committed on St. Luke's day, he was executed at York, the archbishop magnanimously forbearing to intercede on his behalf.
He is the reputed author of 1. 'Luke Button's Repentance,' a manuscript poem dedicated to Henry, earl of Huntingdon (Musæum Thoresbyanum, p. 85). 2. ‘The Black Dogge of Newgate, both pithie and profitable for all readers,' black letter, n. d., 4to, dedicated to Lord-chief-justice Popham; re-
