of a Flaming Fire in Zion,' &c., 1616, 4to (answer to 'The Smoke in the Temple' by John Saltmarsh [q. v.]). 5. 'The Rudiments of the Hebrew Grammar in English,' &c., 1648, 8vo. 6. 'Grammaticiae Latinae, Grecae et Hebraicae Compendium,' &c., 1665, 8vo (Bodleian). 7. 'An Exposition of the Whole Book of the Revelation,' &c., 1668, 4to. 8. 'The Parable of the Kingdom of Heaven . . . first 13 verses of the 25th chapter of Matthew,' &c.. 1674, 8vo. 9. 'An Essay of Sacred Rhetoric,' &c. 1675, 8vo. 10. 'An Exposition of the Eleventh Chapter of the Revelation,' &c., 1679, 4to. 11. 'The World that now is, and the World that is to come; or the First and Second Coming of Jesus Christ,' &c., 1681, 12mo. Also preface to 'The Exaltation of Christ,' 1646, 8vo, by Thomas Collier [q. v.], and to an edition of 'Instructions for Children' by Benjamin Keach [q. v.] Posthumous was: 13. 'The Life and Death of . . . Hanserd Knollys . . . Written with his own hand to the year 1672. ... To which is added his Last Legacy to the Church.' &e., 1692, 12mo (edited and continued by Kiffin); reprinted 1812, 12mo. The Hanserd Knollys Society, for the reprinting of early baptist writings and the publication of original records, was instituted in London in 1846, and dissolved after issuing ten volumes.
[Life, 1692; Funeral Sermon by Harrison, 1694; Mather's Magnalia Christi Americana. 1702, iii. 7; Crosby's Hist. of English Baptists, 1738. i. 120 sq., 334 sq., ii. 91; Granger's Biographical Hist, of England. 1779, iii. 328; Wilson's Dissenting Churches of London, 1808. ii. 560 sq.; Brook's Lives of the Puritans, 1813, iii. 491 sq.; Confessions of Faith (Hanserd Knollys Society).,1834, pp. 23. 338; Records of the Churches at Fenstanton, &c. (Hanserd Knollys Society). 1854. pp. 303 sq.; Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1653 and 1655; Athenaeum, 6 Aug. 1881.]
KNOLLYS or KNOLLES, Sir ROBERT (d. 1407), military commander, was a native of Cheshire. Walsingham calls him ‘pauper mediocrisque valletus’ (Hist. Angl. i. 286), and Malverne says that he was sprung ‘quasi de infimo genere’ (ap. Higden, viii. 372); but, despite such expressions, Knolles was probably of honourable parentage. On 1 May 1354 the estate of Lea was entailed on Hugh, David, and Robert, sons of Richard (it should be David) de Calvylegh, while in the inquisition held on the death of Mabel de Calvylegh in 1361, ‘Robert Knollus chivaler’ is included in the entail with Hugh and David de Calveley [see Calveley, Sir Hugh], and may therefore possibly be their brother (Ormerod, Cheshire, ii. 764, 768, ed. Helsby). Lysons, on the other hand, makes Knolles the son of Richard Knolles by Eva de Calveley, and nephew, not brother, of Sir Hugh (Lysons, Cheshire, p. 543). That there was some special connection between Calveley and Knolles seems to be proved by the appearance of Knolles's arms on Calveley's tomb, while Calveley's arms appear with those of Knolles at Sculthorpe, Norfolk; the arms of Sir Hugh Browe, whom we know to have been a cousin of Knolles, also appear on Calveley's tomb. No contemporary authority, however, mentions the two men as relatives. The date of Knolles's birth is uncertain; Fuller conjectures that it was at least as early as 1317, but it may well have been some years later. Jehan le Bel strangely asserts that Knolles was a German, and says that he had been a tailor (ii. 216).
Knolles's first military service was in Brittany, where he served with Calveley and Walter Hewett under Sir Thomas Dagworth at the siege of La Roche d'Orient, in July 1346 (Otterbourne, p. 136, ed. Hearne). He was already a knight in 1351, when he took part in the famous ‘Combat of the Thirty,’ on which occasion he was one of the survivors who were made prisoners (see the poem ‘Combat des Trente,’ ap. Froissart, xiv. 301–20, ed. Buchon). Knolles was soon released, and, remaining in Brittany, acquired great renown as a soldier. Jehan le Bel says that Knolles, Renault de Cervole, and Ruffin were the first leaders of the ‘Companies,’ i.e. of free lances and freebooters (ii. 216; cf. Froissart, iv. 186). Knolles was with Walter de Bentley when he defeated Guy de Nesle at Mouron on 14 Aug. 1352 (Geoffrey le Baker, p. 120, ed. Thompson). Previously to 10 July 1355 he was in charge of Fougeray and other castles in Brittany; he appears to have paid two thousand florins for their custody (Fœdera, iii. 307, 312, 622). When in 1356 Henry of Lancaster made a raid into Normandy in support of Philip of Navarre and Godfrey de Harcourt, Knolles came to his aid from Carentoir with three hundred men-at-arms and five hundred archers. The expedition started on 22 June and ravaged Normandy up to the walls of Rouen. Knolles displayed his valour in a successful skirmish at the end of the raid, in the middle of July (Froissart, iv. 186–9, and lxx; Avesbury, pp. 463–5, Rolls Ser.) He then went to besiege Domfront, and in September attempted to join the Prince of Wales in Poitou, but found the Loire so strongly guarded that he had to return (Chron. des Quatre Valois, pp. 45–6). In 1357 he served under Henry of Lancaster when he besieged Du Guesclin at Rennes, and at the end of June he and Sir James Pipe defeated the
