secondly, Lady Louisa Elizabeth Grey, eldest daughter of Clarles, second earl Grey, by whom he had two sons; namely, 1. Charles William. the 'Master Lambton' of Sir Thomas Lawrence's celebrated picture (Catalogue of the Loan Collection of National Portraits at South Kensington, 1868, No. 242), who died on 24 Dec. 1831, aged 13; and 2. George Frederick D'Arcy, who succeeded his father as the second earl; and three daughters: 1. Mary Louisa, who became the second wife of James, eighth earl of Elgin, on 7 Nov. 1846; 2. Emily Augusta, who married, on 19 Aug. 1843, Colonel William Henry Frederick Cavendish, and died on 3 Nov. 1886; and 3. Alice Anne Caroline, who became the second wife of Sholto, twentieth earl of Morton, on 7 July 1853. Lady Durham, who was appointed a lady of the bedchamber on 29 Aug. 1837, but resigned the appointment immediately after her return from Canada, died at Genoa on 36 Nov. 1841, aged 44. A portrait of Durham by Sir Thomas Lawrence was exhibited in the Loan Collection of National Portraits at South Kensington in 1868 (Catalogue, No. 325). It has been engraved by S. W . Reynolds, Turner, and Cousins. A collection of his speeches delivered between 1814 and 1834 will be found in Reid's 'Sketch of the Political Career of the Earl of Durham' (Glasgow, 1835, 12mo); several of his speeches were published separately.
[Martineau's Hist. of the Thirty Years' Peace, 1877-8; Walpole's Dict. of England, ii. iii. and v. 131; Torrence's Memoirs of William, Viscount Melbourne, 1878; Walpole's Life of Lord John Russell, 1889; Sir Denis Le Marchant's Memoir of John Charles. Viscount Althorp, third Earl Spencer. 1876; The Life and Times of Henry, Lord Brougham, 1871, vol. iii.; The Grenville Memoirs, pts. i. and ii.; The Duke of Buckingham's Courts and Cabinets of William IV and Victoria, 1861; Harris's Hist. of the Radical Party, 1835; Major Richardson's Eight Years in Canada, &c. (Montreal, 1847). pp. 28-57; Macmullen's Hist. of Canada, 1868. pp. 423-6; Morgan's Sketches of Celebrated Canadians, 1852 pp. 364-370, Parl. Papers, 1837-8, vol. xxxii.; Surtees' Hist. of Durham. 1820, ii. 170, 174-5; Jerdan's Nat. Portrait Gallery, 1833, vol. iv.; Times. 29 and 30 July 1840; Morning Chronicle, 30 July 1849 Gent. Mag. 1792, vol. lxii. pt. i. p. 383, 1812. vol. lxxxii. pt. p. 188, 1816. vol. lxxxvi. pt. ii. p. 563. 1840. new ser. xiv. 316-20, 1842, new ser. xvii. 209; Ann. Reg. 1840. App. to Chron. pp. 173-4; Official Return of Lists of Members of Parliament. pt. ii. pp. 260, 274, 287, 303; Doyles's Official Baronage. 1886. i. 650-1; Burke's Peerage. 1890, p. 462; Foster's Peerage 1883. p. 247; Notes and Queries. 7th ser. x. 69, 154, 278; Stapylton's Eton School Lists, 1864, pp. 48. 55; Army Lists. 1810, 1811; London Gazettes; Brit. Mus. Cat.]
LAMBTON, WILLIAM (1756–1823) lieutenant-colonel, Indian geodesist, born in 1756 at Crosby Grange, near Northallerton, in the North Riding of Yorkshire, of humble parents, and learnt his letters at Borrowby. Some neighbouring gentlemen, hearing of him as a promising lad, entered him at the grammar school at Northallerton, where there was a foundation for four free scholars. He finished his studies under Dr. Charles Hutton [q. v.], then mathematical master at the high school or grammar school at Newcastle-on-Tyne. On 28 March 1781 Lambton was appointed ensign in Lord Fauconberg's foot, one of the so-called 'provincial' or home-service regiments then raised on the footing of the later 'fencible' regiments. Fauconberg's regiment was disbanded in 1783. Meanwhile Lambton had been transferred to the 33rd (West Riding) regiment, now the 1st battalion Duke of Wellington's regiment, in which he became lieutenant in 1794. Lambton appears on the muster-rolls of the regiment in 1782-3 as in 'public employ,' and afterwards as barrack-master at St. John's, New Brunswick, a post which he held with his regimental rank until about 1795. He joined and did duty with the 33rd, when commanded by Wellesley, at the Cape in 1796, and accompanied it to Bengal, and subsequently to Madras in September 1798. Two papers on the 'Theory of Walls' and on the 'Maximum of Mechanical Power and the Effects of Machines in Motion,' were communicated by Lambton to the Asiatic Society about this time (Asiatic Researches, vol. vi.), and were printed in the 'Philosophical Transactions'.' Lambton served as brigade-major to General David Baird [q. v.] against Seringapatam. His knowledge of the stars saved his brigade during a night-march in the course of the campaign (Hook, Life of Baird. vol. i.) After the storm and capture of Seringapatam, 4 May 1799, Lambton accompanied his brigade in its march to secure the surrender of the hill-forts in Mysore. His journal from August to December 1799 is among the Mornington Papers (Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 13658). When the brigade was broken up, Lambton was appointed brigade—major of the troops on the Coromandel coast, ante-dated from 22 Aug. 1790.
At this time Lambton presented a memorial to the governor of Madras in council, suggesting a survey connecting the Malabar and the Coromandel coasts, and was appointed to conduct the work (Asiat. Res. vol. 1801). Preparations were already in progress on New-year's day 1800 (Wellington, Suplelementary Despatches, i. 62-3). Pending the arrival of instruments from Bengal, a base-
