against rationalism, and after his secession he denounced it and ‘acatholic’ science generally in unmeasured terms (cf. his sermon The Rule of Faith, London, 888, 8vo; The Temporal Mission of the Holy Ghent, cc. ii.and the chapter on ‘The Gift of the Understanding’ in The Internal Mission of the Holy Ghost). Nevertheless he was a member of the Metaphysical Society, before which in 1871 he read a paper on 'The Relation of the Will to Thought,' published in the ‘Contemporary Review,’ vol. xvi. He also published in pamphlet form in 1872, London, 8vo, a paper on ‘The Dæmon of Socrates,’ read before the Royal Institution; and in the ‘Contemporary Review’ for November 1876 criticised Mr. Kirkman's ‘Philosophy without Assumptions’ from the point of new of St. Thomas Aquinas (see Miscellanies, vols. i. and ii.) A tract entitled ‘Religio Viatoris,’ published in 1887, London, 8vo (later editions 1888 and 1890), contains a summary statement of the philosophical basis of his faith. An article entitled ‘The Church its Own Witness,’ contributed to the ‘North American Review’ in September 1888 (Miscellanies, vol. iii.), is a favourable example of his apologetic method. His Roman catholic writings breathe a spirit of large charity towards those born without the pale of the Roman church. The people of England, he held, had never deliberately rejected the faith, but bad been robbed of it by their rulers; but he had no hope of their speedy return to the true fold. He anticipated the eventual extinction of the protestant religion throughout the world, to followed by a mighty struggle between the papacy and the forces of revolution (cf. England Christendam, pp. 92 et seq.; Miscellanies, i. 75 et seq., iii. 285 et seq., 305 et seq.)
Manning published numerous separate sermons besides those mentioned in the text, and seven 'Charges' delivered at the ordinary visitations of the archdeaconry of Chichester, 1841-3, 1845-6, and 1848-9. He also collected the chief sermons preached before his conversion (1842-50) in 4 vols. 8vo. Subsequently appeared ‘Sermons on Ecclesiastical Subjects, with an Introduction on the Relations of England to Christianity,’ Dublin, 1863-73, 8 vols. 8vo, and ‘Miscellanies,’ 1877-88, 8 vols. 8vo, which include his chief articles in magazines. 'Pastime Papers,' a collection of literary essays, papers posthumously, London, 8vo, 183. His more important works have been translated into French, German, and Italian. The following volumes of selections have also appeared: ‘Thoughts for those that Mourn,’ London, 1848, 16mo; ‘Devotional Readings,' Frome Selwood, 1868, 16mo; ‘Characteristics, Political, Philosophical, and Religious’ (ed. W. S. Lilly), London, 1886, 8vo; ‘Towards Evening,' London, 1887, l6mo.
[Dublin Review, April 1875, and April 1892; Oldcastle's (pseudonym for Wilfrid Maynall) Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster, 1886; Memorials of Cardinal Manning, 1892, A. W. Hutton's Cardinal Manning, 1892; White's Cardinal Manning, 1882; White's Cardinal Manning, 1882; Ornsby's Memoirs of James Robert Hope-Scott; Allies's Life's Decision. pp. 112, 150; Manning's Sermons on Ecclesiastical Subjects, pp. 5-9, and England and Christendom, pp. 3-11; Morley's Reminiscences, i. 423, 430, 446; Overton and Wordsworth's Life of Christopher Wordsworth, pp. 113, 448; Charles Wordworth’s Annals of my Early Life; Sir H. Taylor's Autobiography, p.239; A. J. C. Hare's Memorials of a Quiet Life, ii. 332; Stephens's Life of W. F. Hook, ii. 189, 245; Wilfrid Ward's William George Ward and the Oxford Movement, p. 343, and W. G. Ward and the Catholic Revival, passim; Contemporary Review, February 1892; Nineteenth Century, February 1892; Quarterly Review, July 1892; Strand Magazine, July 1891; Review of Reviews, February and May 1892; Cristofori's Storia dei Caldinali di Santa Romana Chiesa (Rome, 1888); Acta et Decreta Sacrosancti et Œcumenici Concilii Vaticani (Freiburg, 1872); Arthur's The Pope, the Kings, and the People, 1877; Times (see Palmer's Index), 1849-92; Guardian, 6 June 1849, 4-10 April, 17-24 July, 27 Nov. 1850; Tablet, 12 April 1851, 25 Feb., 13 May, 10 June, and 11 Nov. 1865, and January 1892; Lancet, 1872 ii. 761, 857, 866, 1874 ii. 562, 16 Jan. 1892; League of the Cross Magazine, April 1884 p. 70, June 1884 p. 97, November 1885 p. 1; Report of the Speeches at the Banquet in the Corn Exchange, Oxford, on Occassion of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Oxford Union Soc. 22 Oct. 1873, Oxford 1874. 8vo; Parl. Papers (H.C.) 1849 xliii. 463, 1090, 1111, 1884-5 xxx. and xiii., 1886 xxv. c. 4863. 1887 xxix. c. 5056. xxx. c. 5158, 1888 xxxv. c. 5485; Foster's Alumni Oxen., Baronetage (s.v. 'Hunter’), and Index Ecclesiasticus; information from Sir R. G. Raper, secretary to the lord bishop and acting registrar of the diocese of Chichester; Notes and Queries, 8th ser. i. 419, 502; Gent. Mag. 1812, pt. ii. p. 92; see also Galaxy, January 1871, and Catholic World, March 1879.]
MANNING, JAMES (1781–1886), serjeant-at-law, born in 1781, was son of James Manning; unitarian minister, Exeter, by Lydia, daughter of John Edge of Bristol. He early acquired a familiarity with history, antiquities, and the European languages, was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn 28 June 1817, and went the western circuit, of which he was for many years the leader.
