in 1885. The best part of his life was spent in parliamentary service. A conservative of the old school, he was very widely known by his pronounced enmity to the Roman church. He was a frequent speaker on the Church Rates Commutation Bill, 1857–61; on the Monastic and Conventual Institution Bill, 1873–4; and on the bill for the establishment of a Roman-catholic university in Ireland, 1867–8. In 1880 he assumed a strongly hostile attitude to the entry to parliament of Charles Bradlaugh, who had declined to take the customary oath on admission. On 6 Feb. 1886 he was sworn of the privy council, and was subsequently presented by his Warwickshire constituents with an illuminated address and 547l. in recognition of his long services. He was a kind and considerate landlord, a fine horseman, and an intense lover of the chase. While hunting with the Atherstone hounds in 1882 he was seized with a fit and fell off his horse, but, on recovering, he again mounted and followed the hounds. He died at Arbury Hall, Warwickshire, 9 April 1887, and was buried in Harefield Church on 15 April. He published between 1849 and 1851 many letters on ‘The Balance of Trade ascertained from the Market Value of all Articles imported,’ four addressed to Henry Labouchere [q. v.], and one to J. W. Henley [q. v.] He was also author of ‘A Collection of the Customs Tariffs of all Nations, based upon a translation of the work of M. Hübner, brought down to 1854,’ 1855.
[Times, 11 April 1887, p. 7, 15 April, p. 9, 18 April, p. 8, 13 June, p. 8; Guardian, 13 April 1887, p. 564; Baily's Mag. 1887, xlvii. 347.]
NEWDEGATE or NEWDIGATE, JOHN (1541–1592), scholar and country gentleman, was only son of John Newdegate, esq., by his first wife (Collins, English Baronetage, ii. 168). The family, which is traced back to the reign of John, takes its name from Newdegate, Surrey (Nichols, Surrey Archæological Collections, vi. 227). The Surrey lands were inherited by an elder branch of the family down to the reign of Charles I, when the male line terminated in two daughters of Thomas Newdegate, of whom one became sole heiress.
A younger branch of the family was founded in Edward III's reign by Sir John Newdegate, who married Joanna, sister and coheiress of William de Swanland, and through her obtained the manor of Harefield, Middlesex, where he established the family. His great-great-grandson, John Newdegate, became serjeant-at-law in 1510. The serjeant's son John, born in 1490, obtained the manor of Moor Hall in Harefield from R. Tyrwhitt, who had received a grant of it on the dissolution of the religious houses. John, son of the last-mentioned John, represented Middlesex in parliament in 1553–4, 1557–8 (Returns of Members of Parliament). He married, first, in 1540, Mary, daughter of Sir R. Cheney, knt., of Chesham Boys; secondly, Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Lovet, of Astwell, and widow of Anthony Cave. By his first wife he had an only son, the subject of the present notice.
Born at Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire, in 1541, Newdegate was educated at Eton (Alumni Eton. p. 175), was admitted scholar of King's College, Cambridge, 25 Aug. 1559, fellow 26 Aug. 1562 (Lib. Protocoll. Coll. Regal. i. 200, 213), and graduated B.A. 1563. He has verses—fourteen stanzas in sapphic metre—in the University Collection on the ‘Life, Death, and Restoration of Bucer and Fagius,’ 1560. They are reprinted in ‘Buceri Scripta Anglicana.’ After taking his degree he travelled abroad, and commenced M.A. at Prague. On his father's death in 1565 he returned to England, and succeeded to the manor of Moor Hall, Harefield, and to his father's other properties in Middlesex, Surrey, and Buckinghamshire, which he increased by his marriage with Martha, daughter and heiress of Anthony Cave, esq., of Chicheley, Buckinghamshire, the first husband of his father's second wife. He is said to have been elected member for Middlesex in the second and third parliaments of Elizabeth (Waters, Chesters of Chicheley, p. 92). On 20 Nov. 1586 he conveyed the manor of Harefield to Sir Edmund Anderson [q. v.], chief justice of the common pleas, and received from him in exchange ‘the fair quadrangular edifice of stone, just completed, upon the site of the dissolved priory of Erdbury in Warwickshire, which he had obtained from the heirs of the Duke of Suffolk, who, upon their dissolution, had the grant of this and many other religious houses’ (Betham, Baronetage, iii. 10). From this time this branch of the family is known as Newdigate of Arbury (Wotton, Baronetage, ed. Kimber and Johnson, ii. 413).
Newdegate died in London, and was buried on 26 Feb. 1591–2, in St. Mildred's, Poultry (parish register quoted in Waters's Chesters of Chicheley, p. 93; cf. Milbourn, Hist. of St. Mildred's, p. 34).
By his first wife, Martha (b. 24 Feb. 1545–6), he had issue eight sons: John, Francis, Henry, Robert, Charles, Carew, William, and Robert (?); and three daughters: Elizabeth, Griselda, and Mary. By his second wife, Mary Smith, he had issue one son, Henry, to whom he gave the manor of Little Ashted,
