bitterness on his or his opponents' sides. He died at Canterbury on 31 March 1895. A memorial has been placed in the cathedral.
His publications from 1865 till his death in 1895 (apart from the ‘Thesaurus Syriacus’) were all of them in defence of the evangelical school. They include an ‘Exposition of the Historical Portion of Daniel’ (1886), a ‘Commentary on Jeremiah’ contributed to the ‘Speaker's Commentary,’ on ‘Samuel’ in the ‘Pulpit Commentary,’ on ‘Genesis’ in Bishop Ellicott's ‘Commentary,’ and his essay ‘On the Powers and Duties of the Priesthood’ contributed to a volume directed against Ritualism, called ‘Principles at Stake.’
He married, in 1850, Catherine Freeman, by whom he had two sons and four daughters, one of whom was associated with him in editing the later fasciculi of the ‘Thesaurus.’
[Payne Smith's Thesaurus Syriacus, i. præf.; private information.]
PAYNELL. [See also Paganell.]
PAYNELL, MAURICE de, Baron of Leeds (1184?-1230).[See Gaunt or Gant.]
PAYNELL, THOMAS (fl. 1528–1567), translator, was an Austin friar, educated at Merton Abbey, Surrey, where he became a canon. He then proceeded to the college of St. Mary the Virgin, Oxford, which was designed for the education of the canons of certain Augustinian houses, of which Merton was one (Wood, City of Oxford, ed. Clark, ii. 228–9). He subsequently returned to Merton, and devoted himself to literary and medical studies. His first book, an edition of the ‘Regimen Sanitatis Salerni,’ appeared in 1528, and from that date Paynell's activity as a translator was incessant. In 1530 a Thomas Paynell was admitted member of Gray's Inn (Foster, Register, p. 8). On 13 April 1538 Merton Abbey surrendered to the crown, and its inmates received pensions. Paynell accepted 10l. per annum. On 16 Oct. in the same year Paynell was licensed to export from England five hundred woollen cloths, and in December he was despatched, with Christopher Mount [q. v.], on a mission to the protestant princes of Germany; he was present at the diet of Frankfort on 12 Feb. 1539 (State Papers Henry VIII, i. 604–6, 609, 614). Before 1541 he had become chaplain to Henry VIII, perhaps as a reward for diplomatic services. He seems to have escaped molestation on account of his religious opinions, and remained in favour with Edward VI, Mary, and Elizabeth, to all of whom he dedicated books. Among others to whom his dedications are addressed were Mary (1496–1533) [q. v.], queen-dowager of France, John de Vere, fifteenth earl of Oxford [q. v.], Anthony Browne, first viscount Montague [q. v.], the lord chamberlain, and William Blount, fourth lord Mountjoy [q. v.] He was also an intimate friend of Alexander Barclay [q. v.], the author of the ‘Ship of Fools.’ He is probably the Thomas Paynell who resigned the living of St. Dionys, Lime Street, London, on 13 Feb. 1549–50 (Strype, Eccl. Mem. ii. ii. 261), and succeeded his friend Richard Benese [q. v.] at All Hallows, Honey Lane, which he resigned before 21 Feb. 1560–1. The latest mention of him appears in the ‘Stationers' Register’ in December or January 1567–8.
The translator's works are:
- ‘Regimen Sanitatis Salerni. This boke techyng al people to governe them in helthe is translated out of the Latyne tonge in to englyshe by T. Paynell,’ T. Berthelet, London, 1528, 4to. The British Museum copy contains a few manuscript notes; the work consists of the ‘Regimen’ which was originally compiled by Joannes de Mediolano, and dedicated to Robert, duke of Normandy, who stayed at Salerno for the cure of a wound received in Palestine, and of a commentary by Arnaldus of Villa Nova, but only the commentary is in English; it is dedicated to John de Vere, fifteenth earl of Oxford. Other editions appeared in 1530, 1535, 1541, 1557, 1575, and 1634. The British Museum has copies of all these editions, and the Britwell Library of the earlier ones.
- ‘The preceptes teachyng a prynce or a noble estate his duetie, written by Agapetus in Greke to the emperour Justinian, and after translated into Latin, and nowe to Englysshe by T. Paynell,’ T. Berthelet, London [1532?], 8vo (Brit. Museum and Britwell). It is undated, but the dedication to ‘my lorde Montjoy, lord-chamberlaine to the queene,’ i.e. William Blount, fourth lord Mountjoy, lord chamberlain to Queen Catherine, places it before his death in 1534, and probably before the divorce proceedings. Another edition, dated 1563, and bound with Ludovicus Vives's ‘Introduction to Wisdom,’ translated by Sir Richard Morison [q. v.], is in the Britwell Library (cf. Lowndes, i. 18).
- Erasmus's ‘De Contemptu Mundi, translated in to englysshe’ [by T. Paniell], T. Berthelet, London, 1533, 16mo (Brit. Mus.); another edition, undated and perhaps earlier, is in the Britwell Library. It is dedicated to Mary, queen-dowager of France, to whom Paynell describes himself as ‘your daily oratour.’
- Ulrich von Hutten's ‘De Morbo Gallico’ [translated into English by T. Paynell], T. Berthelet, London, 1533, 8vo (Brit. Mus.) Another edition appeared in
