joined the opposition to that sovereign, was one of the twelve peers who signed the petition of 28 Aug. 1640, and took the side of the parliament during the civil war. The causes of Mulgrave's conduct are obscure. He appears to have been on tolerably good terms with Buckingham and Laud (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1627–8, p. 200; Laud, Works, vii. 24, 29), but had some grievance against Strafford, probably arising out of financial disputes (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1635, p. 362; Lords' Journals, iv. 206). Mulgrave's age prevented him taking an active part in the war; all his family influence was exerted for the parliament. ‘This may be said of a Fairfax and a Sheffield,’ remarks a newspaper of the time, ‘that there is not one of either of those names in England but was engaged for the service of the parliament’ (Weekly Intelligencer, 24 Sept. 1644).
Mulgrave's estates being mostly situated in the king's quarters, he was obliged to petition parliament for support, and was granted 50l. per week for his own subsistence, and 10l. per week for his grandson, Lord Sheffield (Lords' Journals, vi. 528, vii. 280). His proxy vote in the House of Lords, in the hands of Lord Say, played a decisive part in the dispute between the two houses over the new model, and its transference in 1646 to the Earl of Essex gave the presbyterians the majority in the upper house (Gardiner, Great Civil War, ii. 187, iii. 105). Mulgrave died in October 1646, in his eighty-third year, and was buried in Hammersmith church, on the south side of the chancel (Brown, p. 999). He married twice: first, Ursula, daughter of Sir Robert Tyrwhitt of Kettleby, Lincolnshire, by whom he had six sons, who all predeceased him, and nine daughters. The second son, John, was father of Edmund Sheffield, second earl of Mulgrave [q. v.] (G. E. C. Complete Peerage, v. 417; Dugdale, ii. 387). Secondly, 4 March 1619, Mariana, daughter of Sir William Irwin (Court and Times of James I, ii. 145). By his second marriage he had three sons and two daughters. His daughter Mary was the wife of Ferdinando, first lord Fairfax, and the mother of Sir Thomas Fairfax and of Colonel Charles Fairfax, who was killed at Marston Moor (Fairfax Correspondence, vol. i. pp. xxi, xlv, 165, iii. 131). Another daughter, Frances, was the wife of Sir William Fairfax, who was killed at Montgomery in 1644. Of Mulgrave's sons by his second marriage, James was captain of a troop of horse in Essex's army in 1642, and Thomas colonel of a regiment of horse in the new model in 1645 (Peacock, Army Lists, pp. 49, 107; Markham, Great Lord Fairfax, p. 197).
[Doyle's Official Baronage, vol. ii.; G. E. C.'s Complete Peerage; a life of Mulgrave is given in Alexander Brown's Genesis of the United States, 1890, vol. ii.; several of Mulgrave's letters are printed in the Fairfax Correspondence; his instructions as president of the north are printed in Prothero's Constitutional Documents; other authorities named in the article.]
SHEFFIELD, EDMUND, second Earl of Mulgrave (1611?–1658), born about 1611, was the grandson of Edmund Mulgrave, first earl of Mulgrave [q. v.] His father, Sir John Sheffield, who was drowned in 1614, married Grizel, daughter of Sir Edmund Anderson, chief justice of common pleas [q. v.] Mulgrave was appointed by the parliament vice-admiral of Yorkshire, in succession to his grandfather (13 Nov. 1646), and a year later one of the commissioners for the navy and customs (17 Dec. 1647) (Commons' Journals, iv. 721; Lords' Journals, ix. 582). In August 1647 he signed the engagement to stand by Fairfax and the army for the restoration of the freedom of parliament (Rushworth, vii. 755). On 14 Feb. 1649 he was elected a member of the council of state of the Commonwealth, but declined to accept the post from dissatisfaction at the execution of the king and the abolition of the House of Lords (Commons' Journals, vi. 140, 146). When Cromwell became Protector, Mulgrave was less scrupulous, and on 30 June 1654 took his place in Cromwell's council, at which he was for some years a regular attendant (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1654, p. 230). In December 1657 the Protector summoned him to his new House of Lords, but Mulgrave never took his seat (Godwin, History of the Commonwealth, iv. 470, 475). He died on 23 Aug. 1658 (Mercurius Politicus, 26 Aug.–2 Sept. 1658).
A letter from Mulgrave to Fairfax is printed in the ‘Fairfax Correspondence’ (iii. 139), and two addressed to Thurloe among the ‘Thurloe Papers’ (iv. 523, vi. 716). His suits about the alum works in Yorkshire, and his dispute with his grandfather's widow about the property of the first earl, are frequently mentioned in the ‘Journals’ of the House of Lords (viii. 630, x. 243, 347; cf. Hist. MSS. Comm., 7th Rep., pp. 24, 27, 30, 32).
Mulgrave married Elizabeth, daughter of Lionel Cranfield, first earl of Middlesex [q. v.], and was succeeded by his son John, afterwards first duke of Buckingham and Normanby [q. v.]
[Doyle's Official Baronage, vol. ii.; Dugdale's Baronage, ii. 387; Notes and Queries, 9th ser. i. 162.]
SHEFFIELD, GEORGE (1839–1892), artist, son of a draper at Wigton in Cumberland, was born there on 1 Jan. 1839.
