of Ferguslie, younger brother of the founders of the firm, assumed by royal licence the surname Glen-Coats when created a baronet in 1894. He succeeded Archibald Coats as chairman of the firm and sat in the House of Commons for W. Renfrewshire from 1906 to 1910. His elder brother, James Coats (1841–1912), was the giver of the Coats libraries, 4,000 of which were sent to villages and schools in Scotland. Each consisted of a bookcase containing about 400 volumes, and the school-children were provided with satchels for carrying the books to and fro. Spectacles to the number of about 90,000 were also supplied under the direction of a qualified oculist, to readers who needed them. Similar libraries were sent to places abroad, such as Smyrna, Cairo, Jerusalem, etc. No endowment was, however, provided, and the libraries, at first much appreciated, fell into disuse. A younger brother, George Coats (1849–1918), also a director of the firm, was raised to the peerage in 1916 as Baron Glentanar. He died at Glentanar, Aboyne, Aberdeenshire, Nov. 26 1918, and was succeeded by his son, Thomas Coats (b. 1894).
COCHÉRY, GEORGES CHARLES PAUL (1855–1914), French politician (see 6.619), died in Paris Aug. 8 1914.
CODY, WILLIAM FREDERICK (1846–1917), American scout and showman (see 6.637), died in Denver, Col., Jan. 10 1917. He was buried in a tomb blasted from solid rock on Lookout Mountain, 20 m. from that city.
COHN, GUSTAV (1840–1919), German national economist (see 6.652), died in Sept. 1919, at Göttingen.
COLAJANNI, NAPOLEONE (1847–1921), Italian author and politician, was born at Castrogiovanni (Sicily) in 1847. He followed Garibaldi in his Sicilian expedition, and later at Aspromonte, when he was taken prisoner by the Royal troops and deported to Palmaria. Again in 1866 he fought under Garibaldi in the Trentino and was decorated with a silver medal for valour. Three years later, while a medical student, he was imprisoned for taking part in republican agitation. After graduating in medicine he took up the study of social science, and in 1892 was appointed professor of statistics at the university of Palermo. He published many books and essays on social and political problems, and exposed the fallacious and unscientific theories of Lombroso and Ferri on criminology. For many years he edited the Rivista popolare, by means of which he strove to improve the moral and intellectual standard of the masses and combated all forms of intolerance and hypocrisy. He began his public career as a municipal councillor in his native town in 1872; in 1882 he was elected provincial councillor and in 1890 deputy for the same place. In Parliament he sat as a Republican and showed Socialist tendencies. He was active in the exposure of the Banca Romana scandal, and a strong opponent of Crispi’s somewhat autocratic tendencies. While he had always opposed militarism and had also attacked the army with much animus, on the outbreak of the World War he admitted his error in that connexion and became a warm supporter of Italian intervention. After the Armistice he conducted a vigorous campaign against the Socialist organ Atianti and the bolshevist tendencies of the Italian Socialist party. He died at Castrogiovanni Sept. 2 1921.
COLBY, BAINBRIDGE (1869–), American politician,
was born at St. Louis Dec. 22 1869. After graduating from
Williams College in 1890, he studied at the Columbia Law School
and the New York Law School. He began to practise in 1892
in New York. He was counsel for Mark Twain in settling the
affairs of the publishing house of Chas. L. Webster & Co. He
was a member of the New York Assembly, 1901–2. He was
an ardent supporter of the candidacy of Theodore Roosevelt
for the Republican presidential nomination in 1912, and was in
charge of the contests for seating the Roosevelt delegates in the
national convention. Following the split in the Republican
party he became one of the founders of the National Progressive
party and was a delegate at its national convention in Chicago
in 1912. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the U.S. Senate
from New York on this party’s ticket in 1914 and 1916. He was
appointed a commissioner of the U.S. Shipping Board, and a
member of the U.S. Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corp.
1917–9. He was likewise a member of the American mission
to the Inter-Allied Conference at Paris in 1917. In Feb. 1920 he
was appointed Secretary of State to succeed Robert L. Lansing
by President Wilson, to whose administration he had given his
support.
COLERIDGE-TAYLOR, SAMUEL (1875–1912), British musical composer, was of Anglo-African parentage, his father being a native of Sierra Leone and his mother an Englishwoman. He was educated at the Royal College of Music in London,
entering as a violinist in 1891. In 1893 he won an open scholarship
for composition, and studied for four years under Sir
Charles Stanford. In 1898 his cantata, Hiawatha’s Wedding
Feast, was produced in London with marked success, and was
followed by two other cantatas, The Death of Minnehaha and
The Departure of Hiawatha (see 19.85). This trilogy was first
given complete at the Albert Hall, London, in 1900. The Blind
Girl of Castel Cuillé was given at Leeds in 1901, Meg Blane at
Sheffield in 1902, and an oratorio, The Atonement, at Hereford
in 1903. He also produced Endymion’s Dream and the Bon-Bon
suite (1908–9), and A Tale of Old Japan (1911). He died at
Croydon Sept. 1 1912.
COLLCUTT, THOMAS EDWARD (1840–), English architect, was born March 16 1840. After a pupilage with R. W. Armstrong, he entered the office of G. E. Street, where he remained as chief assistant for three years. The time spent under
so strong and impressing an influence had, however, little effect on his own work and design in the future, which never went along Gothic lines, but always spoke his own predilection for a free and personal treatment of Renaissance work—owing more, perhaps, to French than to Italian suggestion. To this method he was, throughout his career, strongly attached, and his designs, shaped
on these lines yet speaking his own individuality, had a pronounced influence on the current work of the English architects
of the last quarter of the igth century. It was at the beginning of
this period that Collcutt made himself felt in helping forward
the movement to which at the same time William Morris was
devoting himself—for a highly raised standard in the consideration
of the interior treatment and furniture of the English house.
Under, and for, the then well-known firm of Collinson & Lock he
carried out the decorative work to, and furniture for, many houses in various parts of the country, a preparation of value to him at a somewhat later period when he was one of the first artists to be asked to help in a worthier treatment of the interior decoration of the ships of the large steamship companies. In this capacity he dealt with a considerable number of the P. and O. steamships. It was in 1872 that T. E. Collcutt carried out his first important building the free library at Blackburn, the commission for which he obtained, as was the case with much of his subsequent work, by a spirited and brilliant design which was successful in a large competition. The even more important town hall in Wakefield, obtained in the same manner, followed a few years later, and is an example of Collcutt’s skill in arrangement of plan. His most noteworthy building, however, is the Imperial Institute, London, founded in 1886 by King Edward VII., then Prince of Wales, as a national memorial of the jubilee of his mother’s reign. The new building faces on a road formed across the site of the Horticultural Gardens, the whole of the area of which it occupies, and its free and open position, thus obtained, gives it an advantage uncommon amongst modern London buildings. Its elevational treatment speaks the grace and refinement characteristic of the architect’s work, and of his usual suggestion of verticality by means of non-ordered pilasters the whole height of the building. Its style is of a free Renaissance type, with details such as cornices and strings perhaps, as some critics say, on somewhat too small and delicate a scale. It nevertheless stands out as a successful achievement in modern English architecture, and one upon which the artist’s signature is clearly written. With very much the same character and feeling Collcutt designed the Royal opera house, London later known as the Palace theatre making much use of marble and alabaster as decorative material for the interior, and later on he carried out the Savoy hotel, another instance of his careful plan arrangement. He was elected a president of the Royal Institute of
