TABLE V. Unemployment in Insured Trades: July 29 1921.
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Industry
Estimated No. of Insured Workpeople
No. of Unemployment Bks. and O.W.D. Policies remaining lodged at July 29 1921
Percentage Unemploved at July 29
Males
Females
Total
Males
Females
Total
Males
Fe- males
Total
Building and Works of Construction
1,020,430
9-030
1.029,460
158,065
456
158,521
15-49
5-05
15-40
Shipbuilding
340,160
6,280
346,440
112,767
726
' 13,493
33-15
11-56
32-76
Engineering and Ironfoundring
1,163,53
101,460
1,264,990
276,107
14,396
290,503
23-73
14-19
22-96
Construction and Repair of Vehicles
294,960
26,440
321,400
3 '.490
6,050
37,54
10-68
22-88
11-68
Sawmilling and Machined Woodwork
210,610
44,290
254,900
32.224
6,573
38,797
15-30
14-84
15-22
Ammunition, Explosives, Chemicals, etc.
214,500
96,050
310.550
36,849
8,054
44,903
17-18
8-39
14-46
Metal Trades
628,310
203,450
831,760
198,839
43.281
242,120
31-65
21-27
29-11
Rubber and Leather Trades
103,820
65,300
169,120
13,854
8,950
22,804
13-34
I3-7I
13-48
Bricks, Tiles, etc.
73,io
12,100
85,200
10,507
2,394
12,901
14-37
19-79
iS-H
Pottery, Earthenware, etc.
30,040
31.440
61,480
4,102
3,658
7,76o
13-66
11-63
12-62
Glass Trades (Excl. optical, scientific, etc.)
32,580
7-770
40,350
10,388
2,104
12,492
31-88
27-08
30-96
Hotel, College, Club, etc., Service .
99,150
198,100
297,250
9.737
25.440
35,177
9-82
12-84
11-83
Laundry Service
16,810
85,730
102,540
852
5,281
6,133
5-07
6-16
5-98
Commercial, Clerical, Insurance and
Banking
175,660
131,480
307,140
8,006
4,496
12,502
4-56
3-42
4-07
Transport Services
769,500
35.090
804,590
141,306
3,319
144,625
18-36
9-46
17-97
1,2^5,780
11,220
1,247,000
120,615
909
121,524
9-76
8-10
9'75
Printing and Paper Trades ...
205,760
139,630
345.390
18,304
15,407
33,7"
8-90
11-03
9-76
Textile Trades
485-770
782,130
1,267,900
59424
110,338
169,762
12-23
14-11
13-39
Dress .........
230,530
436,400
666,930
25,208
47.573
72,781
10-93
10-90
10-91
Food, Drink and Tobacco
289,960
195,840
485,800
24.731
21,473
46,204
8-53
10-96
9-51
Miscellaneous Trades and Services .
1,208,360
742,240
1,950,600
132,693
46,750
179.443
10-98
6-30
9-20
Total
8,829,320
3,361,470
12,190,790
1,426,068
377,628
1,803,696
16-15
11-23
14-80
these Acts, reliable statistics of unemployment in respect of over 12,000,000 workpeople became for the first time available. At July 29 1921, the number of unemployment books lodged in respect of total unemployment was 1,802,909, while in addition ,787 persons were claiming out-of-work donation, making a total of 1,803,696, or 14-80% of the total number insured.
Table V. shows by main industrial groups and by sex the number of persons insured under the Unemployment Insurance Acts, 1920 and 1921, and the number and percentage 'of persons totally unemployed .whose unemployment books or out-of-work donation policies re- mained lodged at July 29 1921.
Table VI. analyzes the figures in respect of systematic short time working by main industrial groups and by sex.
An applicant for unemployment benefit under the Acts was required to prove continuous unemployment, and it was pro- vided that two periods of unemployment of not less than two days each, separated by a period of not more than two days during which the insured contributor had not been employed for more than 24 hours, or two periods of unemployment of not less than six l days each, separated by an interval of not more than six weeks, should be treated as continuous unemploy- ment for this purpose. Persons employed in establishments where, owing to depression in trade, the number of working days had been reduced on a systematic basis in such a manner as to fall within the above provision, were accordingly eligible for benefit. The number of persons claiming benefit in respect of systematic short time working at July 29 1921 was 534,253, or 4-38% of the total number of persons insured. Among males the percentage amounted to 3-15, while among females the per- centage was 7-61. (J. H.) UNITED STATES
There were in 1921 no exact data on the number of unemployed in the United States. Studies made by the Federal Government and by the states were based chiefly on information received from the labour unions, and represented unemployment among organized labour only. For some years Massachusetts pub- lished a Quarterly Report on Employment, which combined re- ports from the trade unions and the employment offices, and later also from Boards of Trade, Employers' Associations and editors of trade journals, as well as statistics of building oper- ations in the cities. The publication is continued from March 1920 in the quarterly Massachusetts Industrial 'Review. In 1915 New York State inaugurated the practice of compiling statistics
1 Prior to June 30 1921, a period of three days was admitted.
on unemployment from reports received from representative manufacturers of the state. These statistics are published monthly in The Bulletin and Labor Market. The Wisconsin Industrial Commission has adopted the New York plan of em- ployment records for statistical studies covering the period since 1915. Other states do not publish regular records.
TABLE VI. Short Time: July 29 1921.
Industry
Number of Short Time Workers claiming U. I. Benefit and Donation, July 29 1921
Percentage on Systematic Short Time July 29 1921
laid
Females
Total
Males
Females
Total
Building and Works
of Construction
5,930
25
5,955
0-58
0-28
0-58
Shipbuilding
8,945
97
9,042
2-63
1-54
2-61
Engineering and Iron-
founding .
68,141
2,968
71,109
5-86
2-93
5-62
Construction and Re-
pair of Vehicles
5,310
785
6,095
I -80
2-97
1-90
Sawmilling and Ma-
chined Woodwork.
4,846
1,701
6,547
2-30
3-84
2-57
Ammunition, Explo-
sives, Chemicals, etc.
8,653
2,779
11,432
4-03
2-89
3-68
Metal Trades .
36,954
12,183
49.137
5-88
5-99
5-91
Rubber and Leather
Trades .
3.731
2,886
6,617
3-59
4-42
3-91
Bricks, Tiles, etc.
655
7i
726
0-90
o-59
0-85
Pottery, Earthenware,
etc
261
87
348
0-87
0-28
o-57
Glass Trades (excl.
Optical, Scientific
etc.). . . .
1.725
' 388
2,113
5-29
4-99
5-24
Hotel, College, Club,
etc., Service .
IS'
262
4'3
0-15
0-13
0-14
Laundry Service
33
269
302
O-20
0-31
0-29
Commercial, Clerical,
Insurance and
Banking .
178
IOO
278
O-IO
0-08
0-09
Transport Service
6,489
325
6,814
0-84
o-93
0-85
Mining Industry
4.665
20
4,685
0-38
0-18
0-38
Printing and Paper
Trades .
6,047
8,725
14,772
2-94
6-25
4-28
Textile Trades .
91,696
174,893
266,589
18-88
22-36
21-03
Dress ....
10,716
36,558
47,274
4-65
8-38
7-09
Food, Drink and To-
bacco
2,310
7.207
9,517
0-80
3-68
1-96
Miscellaneous Trades
and Services .
10,868
3.620
14,488
0-90
o-49
0-74
Total
278,304
255.949
534,253
.Vi5
7-61
4-38
