Brasses of Great Britain; Hollis s Monumental Effigies (incomplete); Haines s Manual of Monumental Brasses.
Miscellaneous Works on Costume.—Bruce s Bayeux Tapestry; 4to., 17 fac-simile plates, 1856 ; Fairholt s Costume in England, Svo., illustrated, 1860; Fowler s ( William, ofWinterton) Examples of Medieval Art, atlas folio, 116 plates, 1796-1829 ; Froissart s Chronicles, translated by Jolines, 4 vols. roy. 8vo., 72 plates and numerous woodcuts, 1844 ; Hogarth s Works, engraved by him self, with descriptions by J. Nichols, atlas folio, 153 plates, 1822; Holbein s Portraits of the Court of Henry VIII., imp. 4to., 80 plates, 1828 ; Humphrey s (R. N.) Illuminated Books of the Middle Ages, folio, London, 1849 ; Lodge s Portraits and Memoirs of Illustrious Personages of Great Britain, 12 vols. imp. 8vo., 240 plates, 1823-35 ; Luard s History of the Dress of the British Soldier from the Earliest Period to the Present Time, 8vo., 50 plates, 1852 (the later portions are the best) ; Mclan and Logan s Clans of the Scottish Highlands, 2 vols. imp. folio, 72 plates, 1857 ; Malcolm s Manners and Customs of London, 6 vols. 8vo, 63 plates, 1810-11 ; Nichols s Progresses, Pageants, &c., of Queen Elizabeth, 7 vols. 4to., numerous plates, 1823-28 ; Planche s History of British Costume, small Svo. 1836 ; Planche s Encyclopaedia of Costume, 2 vols. 4to, 1876-77 ; Semple s (Miss), Costume of the Netlierlands, folio, 30 plates, 1817 ; Shaw s Dresses and Decorations of the Middle Ayes (from 7th to 17th century), 2 vols. imp. 8vo., 94 plates, and numerous woodcuts ; 1840-43 ; Strutt s Regal and Eccle siastical Antiquities of Great Britain, roy. 4to., 72 plates, 1842 ; Strutt s Dresses and Habits of the English, 2 vols. roy. 4to., 153 plates, 1842 ; Westwood s Miniatures of Anglo-Saxon and Irish Manuscripts, imp. folio, 54 plates, 1868.
Of foreign works on costume, the two that have special claims to the attention, the admiration, and the grateful confidence of students are Hefner- Alteneck, Costume du moy en-age chretien, 4 vols. imp. 4to., 420 plates, Frankfort, 1840-50 ; and Viollet- le-Duc, Dictionnaire raisonne du mobilier franyaise, 6 vols. Svo. , Paris, 1858-75 (the first four volumes, rich in admirable engravings, are specially devoted to armour and costume). Besides these, the following are of importance: Bonnani s Costumes of the Eeligious Orders, 2 vols. 4to., 249 plates, Home, 1741 ; Bonnard et Mercuri, Costumes historiques des XIIc, Xllle, XlVc, et XV", nicies, 2 vols. imp. 4 to., 200 plates, Paris, 1867; Btirgmair, Triomphc. de I Em- pereur Maximilien I., atlas folio, 135 plates, Vienna, 1796 ; Chapuy, Le moyen age pittoresque, 2 vols. folio, 180 plates, 1837 ; Chevignard et Duplessis, Costumes historiques des XVlc, XVIIe, et XVI lie siecles, 2 vols. imp. 4to., 150 plates, Paris, 1867 ; Du Sommerard, Les arts au moyen dge, 10 vols. (5 folio, and 5 of text Svo), 510 plates, Paris, 1838-48 ; Duflo., Recucil d cstampes, representant les grades, les rangs, et les dignites, suivant le costume de toutes les nations cxistantes, large folio, 240 plates, Paris, 1779-80 ; Espana arlistica y monumental, 3 vols. imp. folio, 145 plates, Paris, 1842-59; Fabri s Raccolta di Varii Vcstimcnti cd Arti del Regno di Napoli, folio, 27 plates, Naples, 1773 ; Helyot, Ilistoire des ordres monastiques, religieux, et militaires, 8 vols. 4to., 812 plates, Paris, 1792 ; Jiquemin, Iconographie vncthodique du costume du Ve au XTXe siccle, roy. folio, 200 plates, Paris; Lacombe, Galcrie de Florence ct du Palais Pitti, 4 vols. roy. folio, 192 plates, Paris, 1789-1807 ; Lacroix, Paul, Manners, Customs, and Dress during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, Svo. London, 1874 ; Lacroix, Paul, Military and Religious Life in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, 4to. London, 1874 ; Lacroix, Paul, The 18th Century, its Institutions, Customs, Costumes, Svo. London, 1875-76 ; Lante, Gallcrie frangaise de fcmnies cilibrcs, atlas 4to., 70 plates, Paris, 1841 ; Malliot et Martin, Rccherchcs sur les costitmes, les mceurs, les usages religieux, cirilcs, et militaires des anciens peuples, 3 vols.. 4to., 228 plates, Paris, 1809 ; Pauly, De scription ethnographique des peiiplcs, roy. folio, St. Petersburg, 1862 ; Pauquet Freres, Modes et costumes historiques et etrangcrs, 2 vols. med. 4to., 196 plates, Paris, 1873; Eacinet, M.A., Le costume historique, in two forms, large and small, Paris, 1876 ; Stranb, G.M, Trachten oder Stammbuch, small oblong 4to. (several hundreds of curious woodcuts of costumes), 1600; Vecellio, Haliti Antichi ct Moderni de tutti il Mondo, 3 vols., Svo., Venice, 1859-63.
Examples and illustrations of early costume of great interest and value may be found in the Archa:ologia, M. Didron s Annalcs Archeologiques, the Journals of the Archaeological Societies, the various County Histories, the Monumcnta Vetusta. of the London Society of Antiquaries, and other kindred works.
(c. b.)
COTA, Rodrigo, a Spanish, poet of the 15th century, said to have been born at Toledo. Nothing is known of his life or death, saving that he was poor and of humble rank. To him is attributed the popular Coplas de Mingo Revulgo, an anonymous pastoral satire against Henry IV. of Castile, which, has been often edited and often imitated, and which is unquestionably one of the first attempts at dramatic poetry in Spanish literature. To him, too, is sometimes ascribed the authorship of a similar piece, the Dialogo entre el amor y un viejo. Besides these, he is supposed to have written the first act of the celebrated novel-drama, the Celestina (1480), which was finished in twenty-one acts by Fer nando de Rojas. For an account of the influence of the Celestina on the Castilian drama, and of the numerous editions, imitations, and translations of it, see Ticknor, History of Spanish Literature, vol. i. pp. 2 35-24 i.
CÔTE D'OR, a department in the east of France, formed of the northern region of the old province of Burgundy. It is bounded N. by the department of Aube, N.E. byHaute- Marne, E. by Haute-Saone and Jura, S. by Saone-et-Loire, and W. by Nie"vre and Yonne, and lies between 46 55 and 48 2 N. lat. The surface is mostly rugged. A chain of hills runs from north-east to south-west through the centre of the department, separating the basin of the Seine from that of the Saone, and forming the connecting-link between the Ce vennes and the Vosges mountains. Extend ing southwards from Dijon is a portion of this range which, on account of the excellence of its vineyards, bears the name Cote d Or, whence that of the department. The rivers are numerous but small, the only one navigable being the Saone. The Burgundy Canal, connecting the Rivers Saone and Yonne, traverses the department from south-east to north-west. The soil is generally stony, but rich. "Wine in large quantities, cereals, fruit, beetroot, rape-seed, mustard, honey, flax, hemp, and hops are produced ; and good horses, sheep, and cattle are reared. The iron mines furnish largo quantities of ore ; and anthracite, marble, lithographic stone, gypsum, and potter s clay are worked. The manu factures include iron, steel, nails, tiles, oil, leather, grind stones, paper, cloth, sugar, beer, and spirits. The depart ment is divided into the arrondissements of Dijon, Beaune, Chatillon, and Semur, containing 36 cantons and 717 communes. The chief town is Dijon. The total area is 3382 square miles, and the population in 1872 was 374,510.
COTES, Roger (1682-1716), an English mathemati- cian and philosopher, born at Burbage, Leicestershire, of which place his father was rector. When only twenty-four years of age he was appointed Plumian professor of astro nomy and experimental philosophy in the university of Cambridge. He took orders in 1713; and the same year, at the request of Dr Bentley, he published the second edition of Newton s Frindpia with an original preface. He died June 5, 1716, at the age of thirty-three, leaving unfinished a series of elaborate researches on optics, in reference to which Newton observed, " If Mr Cotes had lived, we should have known something." With regard to pure mathematics, the principal discovery of Cotes consists in a theorem which still bears his name, and which fur nishes the means of integrating by logarithms and arcs of the circle the rational fractions "whose denominator is a binomial. His papers were collected and published by his successor Dr Robert Smith.
north-west of France, formed from the northern part of the province of Brittany, is bounded on the N. by the English Channel, on the E. by the department of Ille-et-Vilaine, on the S. by Morbihan, and on the W. by Finistere, and is situated between 48 3 and 48 57 N. lat. To the north the country is flat, but to the south it is rugged and undulat ing. A chain of granitic hills, the Monts du Menez, runs east to west through the department, dividing it into two
unequal parts, of which the southern is the smaller,