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ARC ( ’345 ) ARC in ecclefiaftical geography, a pro■ARBORIST, a perfon (killed in .that part of botany ARCHBISHOPRIC, • vince fubjed to the jurifdidion of an archbifhop. which treats of trees. ARCHBUTLER, one of the great officers of the GerARBOUR, in gardening, a kind of fliady bower, for- man empire, who prefents the cup to the emperor on merly in great efteem, but of late rejedted, on account folemn occafions. This office belongs to the king of of its being damp and unwholefome. Bohemia. Arbours are generally made of lattice-work, either ARCHCHAMBERLAIN, an officer of the empire, much of wood or iron, and covered with elms, limes, horn- the fame with the great chamberlain in England. The beams ; or with creepers, as honey-fuckles, jafmines, eledor of Brandenburg was appointed, or paflion-flowers; either of which will anfwer the bull, archchamberlain of the empire. by the golden purpofe very well, if rightly managed. an high officer who, in anARBUTUS, in botany, a genus of the decandria mo- ARCHCHANCELLOR, cient times, prefided over the fecretaries of the court. nogynia clafs. The calix of the arbutus is divided Under the two firfl races of the kings of France, into five parts; the corolla is ovated; the fruit is a when their territories were divided into Germany, Iberry with five partitions or cells. There are five and Arles, there were three archchancellors : and fpecies of arbutus, viz, the unedo, or common ftraw- taly, the three archchancellors (till fubfifting in .Gerberry-tree, a native of Britain ; the andrachne, a hence native of the Eaft Indies; the acadienfis, a native of many ; the archbiffiop of Mentz being archchancellor Acadia; the alpina, or mountain ftrawberry-tree, a of Germany, 'the archbifhop of Cologn of Italy, and native of Britain ; and the uva urfi, a plant lately dif- the archbifhop of Treves of Arles. covered in the Highlands of Scotland, and which for- ARCHCHANTOR, the prefident of the chanters of a church. merly was thought not to be a native of Britain. ARCHCOUNT, a title formerly given to the earl of ARC, Ark, or Arch. See Arch. ARCA cordis, the fame with pericardium. See Peri- Flanders. ARCHDEACON, an ecclefiaftical dignitary or officer cardium. ARCADIA, a fea-port town of European Turky, fi- next to a bifhop, whofe jurifdidion extends either over tuated on the weftern coaft of the Morea, in 2 2° the whole diocefe, or only a part of it. There are 0 E.long. and 37 20 N. lat. 60 archdeacons in England, who vifit the parifhes futARCANGIS, in the Turkifti armies, a kind of irregu- jed to their jurifdidion, inquire into abufes, fufpend, excommunicate, foe. They likewife indud all clerks lar light-armed horfe which fubfift by plunder. ARCANUM, among phyficians, any remedy, the pre- into their benefie'es, paration of which is induftrioufly concealed, in order ARCHDUKE, a title given to dukes of greater authority and power than other dukes. The archduke of to enhance its value. ARCBOUTANT, in building, an arched buttrefs. Auflria is among the mofl: ancient: .His principal privileges are, that he fliall diflribute juftice in his own See Buttress. ARCH, in geometry, any part of the circumference of country, without appeal; that he cannot be deprived a circle or curved line, lying from one point to ano- of his countries, even by the emperor and the dates ther, by which the quantity of the whole circle or of the empire; and that he have a power of creating line, or fome other thing fought after, may be gather- counts, barons, throughout the whole empire. ed. See Geometry. ARCHED, in a general fenfe, denotes fomething built Arch, in architefture, a concave building erefted for or conftruded in the fafhion or after the manner of the purpofes of fupporting fome ftrudhire, or for ma- an arch. king an eafy paflage over rivers. See Architec- Arched legs, a fault in a horfe when his legs are bended ture. archwife. Triumphal Arch, a (lately gate of a femicircular form, ARCHER, in the ancient military art, one who fought adorned -with fculpture, inferiptions, <bc. ereded in with bow and arrows. The Englifli archers were honour of thofe who had deferved a triumph. efteemed the beft in Europe, to whofe prowefs and Arch, in compofition, fignifies chief, or of the firft dexterity the many vidories over the French were in clafs, as archangel, archbilhop, foe. a great meafure owing. ARCH EUS, or Archeus. See Archeus. ARCHES-C0«>-/, the chief and mod ancient confiflory ARCHANGEL, an angel occupying the eighth rank in that belongs to the archbiffiop of Canterbury, for the the celeftial hierarchy. debating of fpiritual caufes, fo called from BowArchangel, in botany. See Lamium. Church in London, where it is kept, whofe top is Archangel, in geography, a city of the province of •raifed of done-pillars, built archwife. The judge, Dwina in Rufiia, fituated four miles from the White of this court is termed the dean of the arches, or ofSea, in 40° la' E. long, and 64° 30' N. lat. ficial of the arches-court: Dean of the arches, becaufe ARCHBISHOP, a prelate who has feveral fuffragan with this office is commonly joined a peculiar jurifdic<bilhops under him. There are only two archbifhops tion of thirteen parillies in London, termed a deanty, in England; the archbifhop of Canterbury, who is being exempted from the authority of the biihop of primate of all England; and the archbilhop of York, London, and belonging to the archbiffiop of Canterwho is onlyftyled primate of England. bury ; of which the pariffi of Bow is one. Some 9Vol. I. No. ij. 3 4S thers
