NATHAN V. ELEVATED B. 00. 227 �end of a iabe leading from the fluid upward, out into a larger descendi.ag nozzlq, making an apparatus in the nature of a siphon cperated by steam, were well known. Gresham con- trived means for throwing a jet of steam past the end of the passage for water from the reservoir to the overflow opening of a Gifford, or other injector, at that opening, into such a nozzle arrangea there, so as to draw water from the reservoir to the overflow and prime the injector, ready for starting, to raise water and force it into the boiler. �His patent is, and purports to be, for the mechanical devices by which this is accomplished, and does not rest at ail upon the discovery of any of the principles of philosophy employed in its accomplishment. Neither Gifïord, nor Barclay and Morton, nor Barclay, described in their patents any such devices ; nor does it appear that they, or any one else, ever knew of or used any such before Gresham's invention. Bar- clay and Morton suggested in their patent, in the part quoted, that one lifting apparatus might be combined with a Gifford injector, and by that means supply water to steam boilers from depths where lift pumps were required ; but they did not Buggest, in that immediate connection, what sort of a lifting apparatus. Probably they meant, and are to be understood as having meant, such lifting apparatus as they had before described in other parts of their patent. Such apparatus would not be at ail like Gresham's, nor could it be employed for the same purpose as Gresham's, namely, to raise water, before starting the injector, to prime it. �AU injectors will, in starting, draw water upwards to some extent, but not much when they have the injector apparatus onlj. Whatever they do draw they draw upon a similar principle to thàt upon which Gresham's lifting apparatus Works. They to that extent lift water, and his lifts water; still, they cannot lift to the extent his does. They do not do it by the same mechanical means that his does, nor do they employ ail the philosophical principles that his does. His jet of steam works in a nozzle which is the reverse of theirs ; his projecting into a nozzle increasing in size, which increases ����
