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| FP7 | The EU’s seventh framework programme for research and technological development: the EU's main instrument for funding research in Europe, running from 2007 to 2013 |
| GDP | Gross Domestic Product, the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period |
| GERD | Gross Expenditure on Research and Development, the OECD’s measure of total intramural expenditure on research and development performed on the national territory during a given period |
| HE | Higher Education |
| HEFCE | Higher Education Funding Council for England, the agency which distributes public money for higher education to universities and colleges in England |
| HTML | HyperText Markup Language, the main markup language for web pages |
| JISC | Formerly the Joint Information Systems Committee, an agency that support spost-16 and higher education and research by providing leadership in the use of information and communications technologyin learning, teaching, research and administration. It is funded by the UK higher education funding councils |
| LISU | Library and Information Statistics Unit, a research and information centre for library and information services, based at Loughborough University |
| MRC | Medical Research Council, one of the seven Research Councils in the UK |
| NESLi2 | Formerly the National Electronic Site Licensing Initiative, the national initiative for licensing online journals on behalf of the higher and further education and research communities in the UK |
| NHS | National Health Service, the publicly-funded health services in the UK |
| NIH | National Institutes of Health, the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and health-related research |
| NLM | National Library of Medicine, a division of the NIH which runs the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), which houses biological databases (including PubMed and PubMed Central) that are freely accessible on the internet |
| OAI-PMH | Open Access Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting, a protocol used to harvest (or collect) the metadata descriptions of the records in an archive so that services can be built using metadata from many archives |
| OAPEN | Open Access Publishing in European Networks, a collaborative initiative to develop and implement a sustainable open access publication model for academic books in the humanities and social sciences. OAPEN-UK is a parallel project gathering evidence to help stakeholders make informed decisions on the future of open access scholarly monograph publishing. |
| OECD | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the international economic organisation of 34 countries founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and world trade |
| Portable document format, a file format used to represent documents in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems | |
| PLoS | Public Library of Science, a not-for-profit publisher of open access journals that began operation in 2003. Its seven journals include PLosOne, which now publishes more articles than any other journal in the world. |
