8. D. floribunda, R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x. 212, Prod. 397. A bushy shrub of 4 to 8 ft., the young shoots more or less silky-hairy. Leaves sessile or nearly so, obovate to cuneate, more or less undulate and prickly-toothed, especially towards the end, otherwise flat, neither prominently veined nor white underneath, all under 1 in. in some specimens, 2 in. long or even more in others. Flower-heads terminal, usually numerous, closely surrounded by floral leaves not exceeding the flowers. Involucre campanulate, under ½ in. long, pubescent; bracts not very acute, the outer ones lanceolate, the inner very narrow. Perianth not quite 1 in. long, the tube silky-pubescent above the glabrous base, the limb obtuse, almost glabrous. Style thickened and bulbous-like above the base, scarcely exceeding the perianth, the stigmatic end short, slightly clavate. Capsule obovate-falcate, ½ in. long in some specimens, smaller in others.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 589, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 468; Josephia sessilis, Knight, Prot. 110.
W. Australia. King George's Sound, R. Brown, Baxter, and thence to Swan River, Fraser, Drummond, n. 118, 1st coll. n. 638, 639, 2nd coll. n. 344, Preiss, n. 520, 521, Oldfield; Champion Bay, Oldfield.
Var. major. Branches more tomentose and hairy. Leaves 2 to 2½ in. long, more frequently cordate; flowers larger.—Bot. Mag. t. 1581.—Cape Naturalist, Oldfield.
The arborescent form mentioned by F. Mueller, Fragm. vi. 92, and vii. 50. is Banksia ilicifolia.
9. D. carduacea, Lindl. Swan Riv. App. 33. A tall shrub attaining sometimes 12 ft., the young branches slightly tomentose or glabrous. Leaves mostly sessile, linear-cuneate or lanceolate, undulate, deeply prickly-toothed or pinnatifid with pungent-pointed lobes, 1 to 2 or rarely 3 in. long, hoary or whitish underneath, but the margins not revolute. Flower-heads rather small, terminal, the floral leaves not exceeding the flowers. Involucre campanulate, about ½ in. long, the bracts very numerous, lanceolate or linear, with recurved tips. Perianth under 1 in. long, the limb about 1 line long, silky-hairy as well as the tube. Style scarcely exceeding the perianth, with a small slightly thickened stigmatic end. Capsule rounded, about 5 lines long and broad, 1-seeded by abortion in the one examined.—Meissn. in Pl. Preiss. i. 591, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 469; Bot. Mag. t. 4317.
W. Australia. Swan river, Drummond, 1st coll., Preiss, n. 516; Williams river and Toodyay, Oldfield. Some of Drummond's specimens belong to a form with longer and less prickly leaves and rather larger flower-heads, with the involucral bracts less squarrose, approaching in some respects D. falcata and D. armata, but with the habit and shorter floral leaves of the Floribundæ.
10. D. carlinoides, Meisn. in Pl. Preiss. ii. 267, and in DC. Prod. xiv. 479. An erect shrub, with the branches often almost verticillate round the old flower-heads (proceeding from the axils of some of the leafy bracts). Leaves linear or lanceolate, rigid and pungent-pointed, entire or with 1 or 2 prickly teeth on each side near the end, the margins revolute, tapering at the base, ¾ to 1 in. long, hoary or white underneath. Flower-heads terminal, usually numerous. Involucre
