Chap. V.]
Fugue.
75
subject contains an entirely fresh idea, as in the examples previously quoted.
167. It is in general desirable that the countersubject should contain some distinct melodic or rhythmic idea, which may be used later for codetta or episode. A particularly fine example of this will be seen in the twelfth fugue of the 'Wohltemperirtes Clavier.'
J. S. Bach. Wohltemperirtes Clavier, Fugue 12.
![\new ChoirStaff << \override Score.BarNumber #'break-visibility = #'#(#f #f #f) \override Score.Rest #'style = #'classical
\new Staff \relative f' { \key f \minor \time 4/4 R1*3
r4 \[ f^"A" aes g | fis b c f, | e ees d2 | c8 \] }
\new Staff \relative c' { \clef bass \key f \minor
r4 \[ c^"S" des c | b e f bes, | a aes g2 |
f8[ \] \[ f16^"CS" g] aes8 aes16 bes c b, c d ees4 |
r16 c d ees f4 r16 ees f g aes4 |
r16 g e b c4 ~ c8 bes16 aes bes4\mordent | c8 \] } >>](http://upload.wikimedia.org/score/h/k/hk732q7xewct7n6xfabf32sk1xndqx0/hk732q7x.png)
Notice here the strongly marked contrast between the subject and the countersubject. This fugue contains altogether six episodes (bars 16–19, 22–27, 30–34, 37–40, 43–47, and 50–53), all of which are founded on the first six notes of the countersubject—
![{ \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f \clef bass f16[ g] a8[ a16 b] c'8 }](http://upload.wikimedia.org/score/8/8/88rri78yjv9toji1gc6a2t93b4q7jfa/88rri78y.png){kind=small}
168. Not infrequently the countersubject accompanies only a part, and not the whole of the subject or answer.
J. S. Bach. Wohltemperirtes Clavier, Fugue 34.
![\new ChoirStaff << \override Score.BarNumber #'break-visibility = #'#(#f #f #f) \override Score.Rest #'style = #'classical
\new Staff \relative e' { \key e \minor \time 4/4 \partial 4
\[ \tuplet 3/2 { r8^"S" e fis } |
g4_! a16 g fis g a4_! b16 a g a | b4_! g_! e_! c' ~ |
c b8. dis16 e4^! a, ~ | a g8. dis'16 e4^! fis, ~ |
\tuplet 3/2 4 { fis8 g a g fis e dis c' b a g fis |
g a b a g fis e \] e' d cis b ais } |
\tuplet 3/2 { b d fis } gis4 \tuplet 3/2 { cis,8 e g } ais4 |
\tuplet 3/2 { d,8 fis ais } b4 ~ \tuplet 3/2 4 { b8 a g fis e dis }
\[ e2^"CS" d! | cis b | ais4 b cis2 ~ |
cis4 \] e8. ais,16 b2 }
\new Staff \relative b { \key e \minor r4 R1*5
r2 r4 \[ \tuplet 3/2 { r8^"A" b cis } |
d4_! e16 d cis d e4_! fis16 e d e | fis4_! d_! b_! g' ~ |
g fis8. ais16 b4 e, ~ | e d8. ais'16 b4 cis, ~ |
\tuplet 3/2 4 { cis8 d e d cis b ais g' fis e d cis |
d e fis e d cis } b8 s s4 } >>](http://upload.wikimedia.org/score/o/n/onysjbhg130qqridjvr0fdus6ns7c8w/onysjbhg.png)
