CHAPTER XVII.
POST-GLACIAL DISLOCATIONS AND FOLDINGS OF CRETACEOUS AND DRIFT STRATA IN THE ISLAND OF MÖEN, IN DENMARK.
GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES OF THE ISLAND OF MÖEN—GREAT DISTURBANCES OF THE CHALK POSTERIOR IN DATE TO THE GLACIAL DRIFT, WITH RECENT SHELLS—M. PUGGAARD'S SECTIONS OF THE CLIFFS OF MÖEN—FLEXURES AND FAULTS COMMON TO THE CHALK AND GLACIAL DRIFT—DIFFERENT DIRECTION OF THE LINES OF SUCCESSIVE MOVEMENT, FRACTURE, AND FLEXURE—UNDISTURBED CONDITION OF THE ROCKS IN THE ADJOINING DANISH ISLANDS—UNEQUAL MOVEMENTS OF UPHEAVAL IN FINMARK—EARTHQUAKE OF NEW ZEALAND IN 1855—PREDOMINANCE IN ALL AGES OF UNIFORM CONTINENTAL MOVEMENTS OVER THOSE BY WHICH THE ROCKS ARE LOCALLY CONVULSED.
IN the preceding chapters I have endeavoured to show that the study of the successive phases of the glacial period in Europe, and the enduring marks which they have left on many of the solid rocks and on the character of the superficial drift, are of great assistance in enabling us to appreciate the vast lapse of ages which are comprised in the post-pliocene epoch. They enlarge at the same time our conception of the antiquity, not only of the living species of animals and plants, but of their present geographical distribution, and throw light on the chronological relations of these species to the earliest date yet ascertained for the existence of the human race. That date, it will be seen, is very remote if compared to the times of history and tradition, yet very modern if contrasted with the length of time during which all the living testacea, and even many of the mammalia, have inhabited the globe.
In order to render my account of the phenomena of the
