plural of אֹרְחָה caravan, and of אֹרַח way; however, אָרְחוֹת is also found in the former sense (in constr. st. Jb 6) and אֹֽרְחוֹת in the latter (e.g. Jb 13 according to the reading of Ben Naphtali and Qimḥi); cf. also אֽוֹנִיּוֹת 2 Ch 8 Keth. (אֳנ׳ Qerê).—The constr. st. plural of בֹּ֫הֶן thumb is בְּהֹנוֹת Ju 1 f., as if from a sing. בְּהֹן: of נׄ֫גַהּ brightness, Is 59 נְגׄהוֹת (on these qeṭōl-forms, cf. t).—If אָפְנָיו Pr 25 is not dual but plural (see the Lexicon) it is then analogous to the examples, given in l and 0, of plurals without a pretonic Qameṣ; cf. בָּטְנִים pistachio nuts, probably from a sing. בָּטְנָה. According to Barth, ZDMG. xlii, 345 f. אָפְנָיו is a sing. (אָפְנַי, the ground-form of אָפְנֶה, with suffix).
In the constr. st. plur. the only example with original ŭ is רֻכְסֵי ψ 31; otherwise like קָדְשֵׁי, אָֽהֳלֵי, &c.
[s] 4. Besides the forms treated hitherto we have to consider also a series of formations, which have their characteristic vowel under the second radical, as is ordinarily the case in Aramaic (on the origin of these forms see further, § 84a e). Thus (a) of the form קְטַל; דְּבַשׁ honey, מְעַט little; in pause, דְּבָשׁ, מְעָט; גְּבַר man (as constr. st., see above, h), ψ 18 (elsewhere always גֶּ֫בֶר), and infinitives like שְׁכַב (§ 45 c; on קְחַת, see above, h); שְׁכֶם shoulder, ă being modified to è (but in pause שֶׁ֫כֶם); locative שְׁכֶ֫מָה, also שֶׁ֫כְמָה Ho 6. With suffixes in the usual manner שִׁכְמִי, שִׁכְבָהּ Gn 19 (an infin. with suffix, therefore not שִׁכְבָּהּ). On the other hand, the ă is retained in the plur. absol. by sharpening the final consonant: אֲגַמִּים (constr. אַגְמֵי) marshes, הֲדַסִּים myrtles, מְעַטִּים few.
[t] (b) Of the form קְטֵל: בְּאֵר a well, זְאֵב wolf, &c.[1]; locative בְּאֵרָה, with suff. בְּאֵרִי, plur. זְאֵבִים, זְאֵבֵי; but בְּאֵרוֹת, constr. בֶּֽאֱרוֹת; on the infin. constr. שְׂאֵת, cf. § 76 b.
(c) of the form קְטֹל: בְּאשׁ stench (with suff. בָּאְשׁוֹ, just as סֻבְּכוֹ occurs in Jer 4 along with the constr. st. סְבָךְ־ ψ 74; cf. for the Dageš, § 20 h), perhaps also לְאֹם nation, pl. לְאֻמִּים.
[u] 5. Paradigms g–i comprise the segholate forms with middle ו or י: (a) of the form qăṭl with Wāw as a strong consonant, in which cases the original ă is almost always lengthened to ā (Paradigm g), thus מָ֫וֶת, אָ֫וֶן vanity, עָ֫וֶל iniquity, תָּ֫וֶךְ midst; with final א, שָׁוְא falsehood; cf. however, also רֶ֫וַח space. In the constr. st. contraction always occurs, מוֹת, &c. (from original maut), and likewise before suffixes מוֹתוֹ, &c. Exception, עָ֫וֶל as constr. st. Ez 28 (according to Qimḥi) and with suff. עַוְלוֹ. The contraction remains also in all cases in the plural (but see below, w).
[v] (b) Of the form qăṭl with consonantal Yôdh (Paradigm h). With final א, גַּיְא (also גַּי), in Is 40 גֶּיא, in the constr. st. (also absol. Zc 14) גֵּיא (also גֵּי); plur. 2 K 2 and Ez 6 Keth. according to Baer גאות, i.e. doubtless גֵּאוֹת (cf. גֵּֽיאוֹתֶיךָ Ez 35; according to another reading [and so Ginsburg] גיאות,
- ↑ The proposal of Haupt (SBOT. ‘Proverbs’, p. 34, l. 44 ff.) to read בֵּאר, זֵאב, &c., does not seem to be warranted. The case here is quite different from that in Pr 1 where the Masora requires תְּאֵֽהֲבוּ, no doubt on the analogy of בְּאֵר, &c., for תֵּֽאהֲבוּ, which was probably intended, see § 63 m.
