צֳרִי (also יְפִי דְּמִי, צְרִי), רָאִי, &c; in pause חֹ֫לִי, &c., with suff. חָלְיוֹ, plur. חֳלָיִים. From עֳפִי branch, there occurs in ψ 104 the plur. עֳפָאיִם (analogous to פְּתָאיִם, &c., see above, x); the Keeth. evidently intends עֳפָאִים (so Opitius and others). Dual, with suff. דָּלְיָו Nu 24, bucket (from דְּלִי, for דֳּלִי), more correctly, with the Masora, דָּ֣לְיָו with Munaḥ for Metheg. This unusual Metheg is to be treated as following the analogy of the cases mentioned in § 9 v.
[aa] 7. On Paradigms l–n: segholate forms from stems ע״ע (see § 84a c, β).
(a) In the qaṭl-form the ă of the contracted formation is sometimes lengthened in the absol. st., sing. as in יָם (so also in the constr. st., except in the combination יַם־סוּף the Red sea; and even before Maqqeph, יָֽם־הַמֶּ֫לַח the salt sea), sometimes it remains short, e.g. פַּת morsel, עַם people, but even these formations generally have Qameṣ in pause, as well as after the article (e.g. הָעָם). Adjectives under the influence of a guttural either have forms like לַחִים, צַחִים, or, with compensatory lengthening, רָעִים, רָעֵי. In the constr. st. חַי living (in the plural חַיִּים also a substantive, life), and דַּי sufficiency, are contracted to חֵי[1] and דֵּי. As a locative form notice הֶ֫רָה to the mountain, Gn 14 (see § 27 q) beside הָהָ֫רָה. The stem is expanded to a triliteral form in הֲרָרִי (unless it is simply derived from a by-form הָרָר on the analogy of qătăl-forms) Jer 17 (but in ψ 30 for הַֽרֲרִי read הַֽרֲרֵי) and הַֽרֲרָם Gn 14; plur. constr. הַֽרֲרֵי Nu 23, &c. (but only in poetical passages), with suffix, הֲרָרֶ֫יהָ Dt 8; עֲמָמִים Ju 5 (where, however, read probably בְּעַמֶּ֫ךָ), Neh 9; עַֽמֲמֵי Neh 9: elsewhere עַמִּים, עַמֵּי.—Before suffixes and in the plur. ă is sometimes attenuated to ĭ, e.g. פִּתִּי, פִּתִּים, from פַּת; סִפִּים and סִפּוֹת (also סַפּוֹת 2 S 17) from סַף. Before ח ă is retained in a virtually sharpened syllable, e.g. פַּחִים traps.
[bb] (b) Qiṭl-forms: אֵם, אֵשׁ fire (with suff. אִשִּׁי, but cf. also אֶשְׁכֶם Is 50), חֵן favour, &c.; of a triliteral form, the plur. חֲצָצֶ֫יךָ ψ 77.
(c) Qŭṭl-forms: חֹק, כֹּל totality, before Maqqeph חָק־, כָּל־, with suff. חֻקִּי, &c., with omission of Dageš forte (according to § 20 m) always חָקְךָ, חָקְכֶם, but from עֹז, עֻזִּי, עֻזְּךָ, עֻזְּכֶם, for which עָזִּי and עָזְּךָ are also found. חִקְקֵי, expanded to a triliteral form, Ju 5 and Is 10, generally explained as a secondary form of חֻקְקֵי with abnormal weakening of the ŭ to ĭ, is more probably to be referred to a qiṭl-form=Arabic ḥiqq.
[cc] The forms with assimilated middle Nûn likewise follow the analogy of Paradigms l–n, e.g. אַף nose, anger (אַפִּי, dual אַפַּ֫יִם, also face) for ʾanp; חֵךְ palate for ḥink, זִקִּים fetters, עֵז goat, plur. עִזִּים, for ʿinz, probably also אֵב green herb, for ʾinb.
[dd] 2. Paradigm II comprises all formations with original short vowels, whether in the first or second syllable; cf. § 84a f–f, and the general laws of formation, § 92 b–g.
- ↑ חֵי only in Dn 12 as constr. st., since in the asseverative formulae (cf. § 149) חֵי פַרְעֹה, חֵי נַפְשְׁךָ (otherwise only in 2 S 15, after חַי יהוה, and Amos 8), חֵי is a contracted form of the absol. st. (prop. living is Pharaoh! &c.). It is evidently only a rabbinical refinement which makes the pronunciation חַי distinctive of an oath by God (or of God by himself), as in the regular formulae חַי אָ֫נִי (חַי אָֽנֹכִי Dt 32) and חַי יְהֹוָה (=חַי אֲדֹנָי).
