(unless יָקָר be a substantive); Ru 1 (מְלֵאָה parallel with the adverb רֵיקָם). In Mi 2 the text is clearly corrupt.
[o] Those examples are especially instructive in which the adjective expressing a state, although referring to several, is nevertheless used in the singular, e.g. Jb 24 עָרוֹם הִלְּכוּ naked, i.e. in the condition of one naked, they go about; cf. verse 7 and 12:17. In Is 20 the singular occurs after a plural object, and in Is 47 the masc. after the 2nd sing. fem. imperative, which clearly proves that the term expressing the state is not conceived as being in apposition, but as an indeclinable adverb.
[p] (b) Participles, again either after the verb, Nu 16, Jer 2, 43, ψ 7, Jb 24, Ct 2, or before it, Gn 49, Is 57, Ez 36, ψ 56, 92, Pr 20; cf. also the substantival use of the participles Niphʿal נֽוֹרָאוֹת in a fearful manner (ψ 139) and נִפְלָאוֹת in a wonderful manner, Jb 37, Dn 8.—Also participles in connexion with genitives, as מִתְהַלֵּךְ Gn 3 (cf. also בָּאָה 1 K 14), are to be regarded as expressing a state and not as being in apposition, since in the latter case they would have to take the article.—In 2 S 13, 1 K 7 and Hb 2 the explicative Wāw (equivalent to and that too) is also prefixed to the participle. In ψ 69 for מְיַחֵל read מִיַּחֵל.—On 1 K 11, 2 K 10, 19, Hag 1, cf. the note on § 131 h.
[q] (c) Substantives[1] in the most varied relations: thus, as describing an external state, e.g. Mi 2 וְלֹא תֵֽלְכוּ רוֹמָה neither shall ye walk haughtily (as opposed to שְׁחוֹחַ Is 60); Lv 6 (accus. before the verb=as unleavened cakes), Dt 2, 4, Ju 5, Is 57, Pr 7, Jb 31, La 1; as stating the position of a disease, 1 K 15 he was diseased אֶת־רַגְלָיו in his feet (2 Ch 16 בְּרַגְלָיו), analogous to the cases discussed in § 117 ll and § 121 d (d); as describing a spiritual, mental, or moral state, e.g. Nu 32, Jos 9 (פֶּה אֶחָד with one accord, 1 K 22; cf. Ex 24, Zp 3), 1 S 15, 2 S 23, Is 41 (unless שָׁלוֹם is adjectival, and the passage is to be explained as in n); Jer 31, Ho 12, 14, ψ 56, 58, 75, Pr 31, Jb 16, La 1; Lv 19, &c., in the expression הָלַךְ רָכִיל to go up and down as a tale-bearer; also בֶּ֫טַח unawares, Gn 34, Ez 30; מֵֽישָׁרִים uprightly, ψ 58, 75 (in both places before the verb); as stating the age, e.g. 1 S 2 (if the text be right) יָמ֫וּתוּ אֲנָשִׁים they shall die as men, i.e. in the prime of life; cf. 1 S 2 (נַ֫עַר), Is 65, and Gn 15; as specifying a number more accurately, Dt 4, 1 S 13, 2 K 5, Jer 31 [in Jer 13 שְׁלוֹמִים wholly (?) is corrupt; read גָּלוּת שְׁלֵמָה with LXX for הָגְלָת שׁ׳]; as stating the consequence of the action, Lv 15, &c.
[r] The description of the external or internal state may follow, in poetry, in the form of a comparison with some well-known class, e.g. Is 21 וַיִּקְרָא אַרְיֵה and he cried as a lion; cf. ψ 22, Is 22 (כַּדּוּר like a ball); Is 24, Zc 2, ψ 11 (unless צִפּוֹר be vocative); 58:9 b (unless the force of the preceding כְּ is carried on, as in ψ 90); ψ 144, Jb 24 (פְּרָאִים, before the verb); 41:7 shut up together as with a close seal.[2]
[s] 6. To the expressions describing a state belong finally those nouns which are introduced by the comparative particle כְּ,[3] since the כְּ is to
- ↑ Cf. above, § 100 c, on certain substantives which have completely become adverbs; and § 113 h and k on the adverbial use of the infinitive absolute.
- ↑ It is, as a matter of fact, permissible to speak of the above examples as comparatio decurtata, but it must not be assumed that the comparative particle כְּ, which is otherwise regularly prefixed (see s), has actually dropped out.
- ↑ On the use of כְּ as a prefix, cf. § 102 c.
