[f] (e) Collocation of the thing and its name, e.g. בְּהַֽרֲרָם שֵׁעִיר in their mountainous district, Seir (perhaps only a later gloss), Gn 14; הָאָ֫רֶץ כְּנָ֑עַן the land Canaan (כנען probably only a later gloss), Nu 34; cf. Ezr 9, 1 Ch 5 (see under g below).—For examples of nouns in the construct state before a noun in apposition, see § 130 e.
[g] Rem. 1. Only in certain combinations does the noun of nearer definition come first, e.g. הַמֶּ֫לֶךְ דָּוִד, הַמֶּ֫לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹה king David, king Solomon (less frequently דָּוִד הַמֶּ֫לֶךְ as in 2 S 13, 1 K 2, 12, 2 K 8, 9, and in late Hebrew, Hag 1, 15 [cf. the Aramaic order דריוש מלבא], and often in Chron.).—A chiasmus occurs in Is 45, the name standing after the defining noun in the first part of the verse, and before it in the parallel clause.
[h] 2. When the nota accusativi (אֵת, אֶת־) or a preposition precedes the first substantive, it may be repeated before the noun in apposition, e.g. Gn 4, 22, 24, 47, Is 66; this usually occurs when the nearer definition precedes a proper name. As a rule, however, the repetition does not take place (Dt 18, Jer 33, 1 S 2). A noun in apposition is made determinate, even after a noun with a prefix, in the ordinary way, e.g. 2 Ch 12 בִּירֽוּשָׁלַ֫יִם הָעִיר in Jerusalem, the city which, &c.[1]
[i] 3. Sometimes a second adjective is used in apposition to a preceding adjective, in order to modify in some way the meaning of the first, e.g. Lv 13 בַּהֶ֫רֶת לְבָנָה אֲדַמְדָּ֑מֶת a white-reddish (light red) bright spot.
[k] 4. Permutation is to be regarded as a variety of apposition. It is not complementary like apposition proper (see a above), but rather defines the preceding substantive (or pronoun, see below), in order to prevent any possible misunderstanding. This includes cases like Gn 9 with the life thereof (which is) the blood thereof; Ex 22, Dt 2, 1 S 7, 2 K 3 an hundred thousand rams, the wool, i.e. the wool of the rams; Jer 25 this cup of the wine, that is of fury (but הַֽהֵמָה is probably a gloss); Is 42 he poured upon him fury, namely his anger;[2] but especially the examples in which such a permutative is added to a preceding pronoun, viz.—
[l] (a) To a separate pronoun, e.g. Ex 7; with regard to the vocative, cf. § 126 f.
[m] (b) To an accusative suffix, e.g. Ex 2 she saw him, the child (unless אֶת־הַיּ׳ be a later gloss); Ex 35, Lv 13 b, 1 K 19 (where, indeed, הַבָּשָׂר appears to be a late gloss); 21:13, 2 K 16 Keth., Jer 9, 31, Ez 3, Ec 2 (according to Delitzsch rather a double accusative).[3]
[n] (c) To a noun-suffix, e.g. Ez 10 בְּבֹאוֹ הָאִישׁ when he went in, the man; 42:14; cf. Pr 13 (?), Ez 3; so also after a preposition with suffix, e.g. Ec 4 אִי לוֹ הָֽאֶחָד woe to him, the one alone; with a repetition of the preposition, Nu 32, Jos 1 לָהֶם לִבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל to them, to the children of Israel; Ju 21, Jer 51,
- ↑ In 1 K 11 participles after לְכָל־נָשָׂיו, as in 2 K 10 after אֶת־גְּדֹלֵי הָעִיר, in 19:2 after a determinate accusative, and in Hag 1 after בְּבָֽתֵּיכֶם, are used without the article; these, however, are probably to be explained not as in apposition, but according to § 118 p.
- ↑ But מַ֫יִם Gn 6 (cf. 7:6) is to be regarded as a later gloss upon the archaic מַבּוּל.
- ↑ For וַיְשַׁנּוֹ 1 S 21 either’ וַיְשַׁנֶּה is to be read or the Kethîbh is to be explained according to § 75 b, note. Also יִלְכְּדֻנוֹ Pr 5 has hardly preserved the correct form.
