a trace of popular language), e.g. 1 S 23(?), Ct 5, and (like other indications of the very late origin of the book) very frequently in Ecclesiastes, e.g. 1:16, 2:1, 11, 15, 3:17f. and thirteen other places; in Aramaic, Dn 5.
[c] 2. Substantival subjects also are somewhat frequently resumed, and thus expressly emphasized, by the insertion of the corresponding separate pronoun of the 3rd person before the predicate is stated, e.g. Gn 3 the woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she (הִיא) gave me, &c.; 14:24 (הֵם); 15:4, 24:7, &c.; but הוּא in Is 7 after the predicate and subject is equivalent to he himself.[1]
[d] 2. Not infrequently the separate pronoun serves to give strong emphasis to a suffix of the same person which precedes (or sometimes even to one which follows), whether the suffix be attached to a verb (as accusative) or to a noun or preposition (as genitive). In English such an emphasis on the pronoun can generally be rendered only by laying greater stress upon it, or sometimes by repeating it; cf., on the contrary, the French mon livre à moi. The separate pronoun in such instances is not to be regarded as casus obliquus (accusative or genitive), but as the subject of an independent sentence, the predicate of which must in each case be supplied according to the context.
[e] Examples of emphasis:—
(a) On a verbal suffix by means of אֲנִי (אָ֫נִי) Gn 27 בָּֽרֲכֵ֫נִי גַם־אָ֫נִי bless me, even me also (prop. bless me, I also would be blessed); Zc 7; cf. also Ez 6, 34, 20 הִנְנִי אָ֫נִי; by אַתָּה (אָ֫תָּה) Pr 22 (but the text is most probably corrupt).—The separate pronoun precedes in Gn 24 (אָֽנֹכִי); 49:8 (אַתָּה, not Judah, thou art he whom, but Judah thee, thee thy brethren shall praise!), and Ec 2 גַּם אֲנִי.
[f] (b) On a noun-suffix with a substantive, by means of אֲנִי 2 S 19, Pr 23; by אָ֑תָּה 1 K 21 אֶת־דָּֽמְךָ גַּס־אָ֑תָּה thy blood, even thine; by הוּא 2 S 17, Jer 27, Mi 7; by אֲנַ֫חְנוּ 1 S 20, after שְׁנֵ֫ינוּ, but without special stress; Neh 5 (?); by אַתֶּם Nu 14; by הֵם ψ 38 (without special stress), הֵ֫מָּה ψ 9.—The separate pronoun precedes in Jb 21 (אָֽנֹכִי); Gn 40, Is 45, 1 Ch 28 (אֲנִי); Zc 9 (אַתְּ); Jos 23 (אַתֶּם); Ez 33 (הֵ֫מָּה).—In ψ 89, where אֲנִי might be taken as strengthening חלד (equivalent in sense to חֶלְדִּי), we should read אֲדֹנָי for אֲנִי, as in verse 51.
[g] (c) On a suffix united with a preposition, 1 S 25 בִּי אֲנִי upon me, upon me; 1 K 1 לִי... אֲנִי; 2 Ch 35 לֹֹא־עָלֶ֫יךָ אַתָּה not against thee; 1 S 19 עָלָיו גַּם הוּא upon him also; Dt 5 כִּי אִתָּנוּ אֲנַ֫חְנוּ but with us, even us; Hag 1 לָכֶם אַתֶּם for you yourselves; Jer 25 בָּם גַּם־הֵ֫מָּה.—The separate pronoun precedes in 1 S 12 אָֽנֹכִי... לִי; 1 K 1 אַתָּה... עָלֶ֫יךָ; Mi 5 אַתָּה... מִמְּךָ, and 2 Ch 28 אַתֶּם עִמָּכֶם.
[h] The same principle also explains Gn 4 לְשֵׁת גַּם־הוּא to Seth, to him also (not גַּם־לוֹ); cf. 10:21, and Ex 35, Nu 4.
