what the imperfect in the protasis had represented as still conceivable; cf. Ho 8); with the perfect consecutive, Gn 47, Ex 33; with the protasis suppressed, Jb 5 (see § 107 x).
[d] (b) Jussive in protasis (cf. § 109 h, i) and apodosis, ψ 104 תָּֽשֶׁת־ח֫שֶׁךְ וִיהִי לָ֑יְלָה (if) thou makest darkness, it is night; imperfect in the apodosis, ψ 104 b; cohortative Pr 1. Also in Ex 7 יְהִי לְתַנִּין it shall become a serpent, is the apodosis to a suppressed protasis if thou cast it down; so in 2 K 5 וְיָשֹׁב is the apodosis to a protasis if thou wash, contained in what precedes.
[e] (c) Cohortative (see § 108 e) in the protasis; perfect in the apodosis, ψ 40; imperfect consecutive, Jb 19 אָק֫וּמָה וַיְרַבְּרוּ־בִי (if) I arise, they speak against me; on the cohortative in the apodosis, cf. § 108 f.
[f] (d) Imperfect consecutive in the protasis (§ 111 x), ψ 139 וָאֹֽמַד if I say, &c. (with a noun-clause as the apodosis); with a frequentative perfect consecutive in the apodosis, 1 S 2.
[g] (e) Perfect consecutive in the protasis and apodosis (see the examples, § 112 kk and ll), Gn 44 וְעָוַב אָבִיו וָמֵת and should he leave his father, his father would die; 9:15, 44:29, Ex 4, 12, 1 S 16, 19, 2 S 13, 1 K 8; with frequentative perfects, Ex 16 (referring to the past, Jer 20); with imperfect in the apodosis (being separated from the Wāw by לֹא), Nu 23, Jb 5; introduced by an infinitive absolute, 1 K 2; an interrogative clause in the apodosis, Lv 10; a noun-clause, ψ 37, Jb 7.
[h] (f) A simple perfect (to represent actions which are to be regarded as completed) in the protasis and apodosis, Pr 18 מָצָא אִשָּׁה מָצָא טוֹב has one found a wife, he has found a good thing; an imperfect in the apodosis, Jb 19, 23; an imperfect consecutive, Ex 20, Pr 11, Jb 3, 23 b, 29:11; an interrogative clause, Nu 12, Jb 7 if I have sinned (prop., well, now I have sinned!) what can I do unto thee? 21:31, 35:6, Am 3; a noun-clause, Jb 27.
[i] (g) A participle as casus pendens (cf. § 143 d, and the sections of the Grammar there cited, esp. § 116 w) or a complete noun-clause in the protasis; the apodosis mostly introduced by wāw apodosis, e.g. Pr 23 Keth. יוֹלֵד חָכָם וְיִשְׂמַח בּוֹ if one begetteth a wise child, he shall have joy of him; with perfect frequentative in the apodosis, 1 S 2, &c.; but also with a simple imperfect, e.g. Ex 21 (cf. § 112 n); with an interrogative imperfect, 2 K 7, 19; with an interrogative perfect, Ju 6.
[k] (h) Infinitive with preposition (also as the equivalent of a conditional clause) in the protasis, and a perfect consecutive in the apodosis (cf. § 112 mm), e.g. 2 S 7 ff. בְּהַֽעֲוֹתוֹ וֽהֹֽכַחְתִּיו וג׳ if he commit iniquity, I will correct him; Ex 34 f. (with imperfect, followed by perfects frequentative in the apodosis).
Rem. On the expression of condition and consequence by means of two co-ordinate imperatives, see § 110 f.
[l] 3. Particles used to introduce conditional sentences are אִם (for which in the later and latest Books sometimes הֵן, see below, under w) and לוּ[1] (1 S 14, Is 63 לוּא; Ec 6, Est 7 אִלּוּ, from אִם לוּ) if, negative אִם לֹא and לוּלֵא (לוּלֵי) unless; כִּי supposing that (Lat. ut), in case that, sometimes used almost in the same sense as אִם. With regard to the difference between אִם (אִם לֹא) and לוּ (לוּלֵא), the fundamental rule is that אִם is used if the condition be regarded either as already fulfilled, or if it, together with its consequence, be thought of as possibly (or
- ↑ On לוּ cf. Kohler in Geiger’s Zeitschr. für Wiss. und Leben, vi (1868), p. 21 ff.
