THE STATUS OF OUR NEW TERRITORIES. 373 declared to be to secure the blessings of liberty to tlie people by whom it is ordained and established, and their successors ; for, though the word used is "posterity," it is clearly not used with literal accuracy, but in the sense of " successors." According to the preamble, there- fore, the Constitution is hmited to the thirteen States which were united under the Articles of Confederation ; and it is by virtue of Art. 4, sect. 3, subsect. i,^ and in spite of the preamble, that new States have been admitted upon an equal footing with the original thirteen. In the phrases, " Congress of the United States," ^ " Senate of the United States,"' "President of the United States," or "Vice Presi- dent of the United States,"* "office under the United States,"^ "officers of the United States,"^ "on the credit of the United States," ^ "securities and current coins of the United States," ' "ser- vice of the United States," ® "government of the United States,"" "granted by the United States," " "Treasury of the United States," " "Constitution of the United States," " "army and navy of the United States," " "offences against the United States," ^^ "judicial power of the United States," *' "laws of the United States," ^^ "controversies to which the United States shall be a party," *^ "treason against the United States," ^' "territory or other property belonging to the the 7th Article are the words: "When land forces are raised by any State for the 'common' defence," etc. So in the 8th Article are the words: "All charges of war, and all other expenses that shall be incurred for the 'common' defence or 'general' welfare, and allowed by the United States in Congress assembled, shall be defrayed out of a 'common' treasury." Lastly, the 9th Article contains the following: "The United States in Congress assembled shall have authority to appoint such other com- mittees and civil ofl5cers as may be necessary for managing the 'general' affairs of the United States under their direction."
- See supra, page 370, note i. * Art. i, sect, i; Art. i, sect. 2, subsect. 3.
' Art. I, sect. 3, subsect. i.
- Art. I, sect. 3, subsects. 4, 5, and 6; Art. 2, sect, i, subsects. i and 8; 12th Amend-
ment; 14th Amendment, sect. 2; Art. i, sect. 7, subsects. 2 and 3.
- Art. I, sect. 3, subsect. 7; Art. i, sect. 9, subsect. 8; Art. 2, sect, i, subsect. 2; Art.
6, subsect. 3; 14th Amendment, sect. 3; Art. i, sect. 6, subsect. 2. ® Art. 2, sect. 2, subsect. 2, sect. 3, sect. 4; Art. 6, subsect. 3; 14th Amendment, sect. 3. ' Art. I, sect. 8, subsect. 2. * Art. i, sect. 8, subsect. 6.
- Art. I, sect. 8, subsect. 16; Art. 2, sect. 2, subsect. i.
" Art. I, sect. 8, subsects. 17 and 18; Art. 2, sect, i, subsect. 3; 12th Amendment " Art. I, sect. 9, subsect. 8. " Art. I, sect. 10, subsect. 2; Art. i, sect. 6, subsect. i. " Art. 2, sect, i, subsect. 8; 14th Amendment, sect. 3. " Art. 2, sect. 2, subsect. i. " Art. 2, sect. 2, subsect. i.
- • Art. 3, sect, i; nth Amendment.
" Art. 3, sect. 2, subsect. i; Art. 6, subsect. 2.
- ® Art. 3, sect. 2, subsect, i. 19 ^^^ ^j sect. 3, subsect. i.
