The 5th principle, ? forms the upper part of ?, ?, ? and ? Inverted,it forms the lower part of ?, ?, and ?
General Hints for Small Letters.
Be careful to close the a at the top, else it will resemble a a. Observe the distinction between the and the u, The t and d are shaded at the top, and made square. The t is crossed one third the distance from the top. The loop is of uniform length in all loop letters. Avoid a loop in the upper part of l and s, The dot of the i should be at a point twice the height of the letter. Beware of making the extended letters crooked. The left hand mark of the loop letters should be straight, from the center of the loop to the line, sloping at an angle of 52 degrees. See diagram of slope. Figures are twice the height of the m,
Principles of Capital Letters.
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No. 1.
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No. 2.
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No. 3.
The capital stem (see No. 1) can be terminated at the bottom, as shown in the. first character. Observe in Nos. 2 and 3 the disposition of shades, curves and parallel lines. Their application in capitals will be seen in the next column.
CAPITAL LETTERS.
Three standard principles are used in the formation of Capital Letters, viz:
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The 1st principle,
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called the capital stem is found in
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The 2nd principle, ?, occurs in ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ? and ?
The 3rd principle, ? is found in the upper part of ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ? and ? and forms the first of ?, ?, ?, ?, ? and ?.
Capital letters, in a bold penmanship, are three times the height of the small letter ?.
