reason the following winter the size was reduced from a seven to a four column sheet. The Bismarck Tribune had the usual experiences of frontier journalism, in that numerous gun and revolver shots were frequently heard in the establishment: once its local editor narrowly escaped a lynching. In 1878 Stanley Huntley and Marshall H. Jewell came from Chicago at the instance of Major Alonson W. Edwards, of The Fargo Republican, to establish an opposition paper to The Bismarck Tribune with the help of local Democrats. Dennis Hannafin, a unique local character, who was known as "the Squatter Governor," gave a bonus of one hundred dollars. Lounsberry, being financially embarrassed at the time, sold The Tribune to a syndicate headed by the men just mentioned and as part payment took their notes. These were not paid on maturity and he again assumed control of The Tribune, but sold the job office to Mr. Jewell. In 1883 he took Mr. Jewell into partnership and established The Daily Tribune.
The second newspaper was The Fargo Express, first issued on January 1, 1874. It was published by The Fargo Publishing Company, consisting of A. J. Harwood, Gordon J. Keeney, Henry S. Back, Terence Martin, Jacob Lowell, and A. H. Moore. Harwood and Keeney were the editors and managers. W. G. Fargo, of New York, for whom Fargo was named, contributed five hundred dollars toward the establishment of the paper. About 1875 The Fargo Express was consolidated with The Fargo Mirror, established by A. J. Clarke in 1874, and The Glyndon Gazette (Minnesota), established by E. B. Chambers in 1872. The consolidation under the management of Chambers became The Fargo Times. Chambers sold the paper to E. D. Barker, who consolidated it with The Fargo Republican, established by Major A. W. Edwards and Dr. J. B. Hall in 1878. Still later, the paper united with The Fargo Forum, established November 17, 1894, by Major Edwards and Horatio C. Flummery.
The third newspaper was The Grand Forks Plaindealer, established in 1875 by George H. Walsh. Later, it was merged with The Grand Forks Herald, established in 1879 by George B. Winship.
