DORIANS NORTH OF THE CORINTHIAN GULF. 103 tory was, that the great Dorian establishments in Peloponnesus were formed by invasion from the north, and that the invaders crossed the gulf from Naupaktus, a statement which, however disputable with respect to Argos, seems highly probable in regard both to Sparta and Messenia. That the name of Dorians com prehended far more than the inhabitants of the insignificant tetrapolis of Doris Proper, must be assumed, if we believe that they conquered Sparta and Messenia : both the magnitude of the conquest itself, and the passage of a large portion of them from Naupaktus. harmonize with the legend as given by Apollodorus, in which the Dorians are represented as the principal inhabitants of the northern shore of the gulf. The statements which we find in Herodotus, respecting the early migrations of the Dorians, have been considered as possessing greater historical value than those of the fabulist Apollodorus. But both are equally matter of legend, while the brief indications of the latter seem to be most in harmony with the facts which we afterwards find attested by history. It has already been mentioned that the genealogy which makes JEolus, Xuthus and Dorus sons of Hellen, is as old as the Hesiodic Catalogue ; probably also that which makes Hellen son of Deukalion. Aethlius also is an Hesiodic personage : whether Amphiktyon be so or not, we have no proof. 1 They could not have been introduced into the legendary genealogy until after the Olympic games and the Amphiktyonic council had acquired an 1 Schol. Apollon. Rhod. iv. 57. Tdv 6e 'Evdvpiuva 'Hcrwdof p.ev ' rov Aidf Kal Ka^vKijg Tralda "ksyn ......... Kal Heiaavdpo? de TU avrd (jiijffi, Kal 'A-Kovaihaof, Kal Qepeicvdrjc, Kal Ninavdpoe iv devrepu Atrw/U/ctw, KOI GeoTTOjUTrof iv 'ETroirouatf. Respecting the parentage of Hellen, the references to Hesiod are very con- fused. Compare Schol. Homer. Odyss. x. 2, and Schol. Apollon. Rhod. iii 1086. See also Hellanic. Frag. 10. Didot. Apollodorus, and Pherekydes before him (Frag. 51. Didot), called Proto- geneia daughter of Deukalion ; Pindar (Olymp. ix. 64) designated her as daughter of Opus. One of the stratagems mentioned by the Scholiast to get rid of this genealogical discrepancy was, the supposition that Deukalion had two names (dtuvvpof) ; that he was also named Opus. (Schol. Pind. Olymp. ix. 85). That the Deukalidse or posterity of Deukalion reigned in Thessaly, was mentioned both by Hesiod and Hekataeus, ap. Schol. Apollon. Rh: d. iv. 265
