[78 HISTORY OF GREECE. importance before the time of Thucydides, and had become practically superseded by the more splendid festival of the Ephesia, near Ephesus, where the cities of Ionia found a more attractive place of meeting. An island close adjoining to the coast, or an outlying tongue of land connected with the continent by a narrow isthmus, and pre- senting some hill sufficient for an acropolis, seems to have been considered as the most favorable situation for Grecian colonial settlement. To one or other of these descriptions most of the Ionic cities, conform. 1 The city of Miletus at the height of its power had four separate harbors, formed probably by the aid of the island of Lade and one or two islets which lay close off against it : the Karian or Kretan establishment, which the Ionic colonists found on their arrival and conquered, was situated on an eminence overhanging the sea, and became afterwards known by the name of Old Miletus, at a time when the new Ionic town had been extended down to the water-side and rendered maritime. 2 The territory of this important city seems to have comprehended both the southern promontory called Poseidium and the greater part of the northern promontory of Mykale, 3 reaching on both sides of the river Mteander : the inconsiderable town of Myus 4 on the southern bank of the Maeander, an offset seemingly formed by the secession of some Milesian malcontents under a member of the Neleid gens named Kydrelus, maintained for a long time its autonomy, but was speak as if the convocation or festival had been formally transferred to Ephc. sus, in consequence of the insecurity of the meetings near Mykale : Strabo on the contrary speaks of the Pan- Ionia as if they still in his time celebrated in the original spot (xiv, pp. 636-638), under the care of the Prieneans. The formal transfer is not probable: Thucydides (iii. 104) proves that in his time the festival of Ephesia was practically the Pan-Ionic rendezvous, though Herodotus does not seem to have conceived it as such. See Guhl, Ephesiaca, part iii, p. 117 ; and K. F. Hermann, Gottesdienstliche Altcrthamcr dcr Grie- chen, c. 66, p. 343. 1 The site of Miletus is best indicated by Arrian, i, 19-20; see that of Phokaea, Erythrae, Myonnesus, Klazomenoe, Kolophon, Teos (Strabo, xiv. jrp 644-645 ; Pausan. vii,3, 2; Livy, xxxvii, 27-31 ; Thucyd. viii, 31).
- Strabo. xiv, p. 635.
J Strabo, xiv, p. 633 ; Herod, ix, 97-99. T<> Hoaeihoi' run M.-P Btrabo, xiv, p. 651. 4 Strabo, xiv, p. 636: Vitruvius, iv, 1 ; Polyaen. viii, 35,
