BAD FAITH OF SEUTHES. 169 the snowy mountains of Thrace, they were nevertheless enabled by their expeditions along with Seuthes to procure plentiful sub- sistence ; which they could hardly have done in any other manner. But the pay which he had oifered was never liquidated ; at least, in requital of their two months of service, they received pay only for twenty days and a little more. And Xenophon himself, far from obtaining fulfilment of those splendid promises which Seuthes had made to him personally, seems not even to have received his pay as one of the generals. For him, the result was singularly unhappy ; since he forfeited the good-will of Seuthes by importunate demand and complaint for the purpose of obtaining the pay due to the sol- diers ; while they on their side, imputing to his connivance the non-fulfilment of the promise, became thus in part alienated from him. Much of this mischief was brought about by the treacherous intrigues and calumny of a corrupt Greek from Maroneia, named Herakleides ; who acted as minister and treasurer to Seuthes. Want of space compels me to omit the narrative given by Xeno- phon, both of the relations of the army with Seuthes, and of the warfare carried on against the hostile Thracian tribes, interesting as it is from the juxtaposition of Greek and Thracian manners. It seems to have been composed by Xenophon under feelings of acute personal disappointment, and probably in refutation of cal- umnies against himself as if he had wronged the army. Hence we may trace in it a tone of exaggerated querulousness, and com- plaint that the soldiers were ungrateful to him. It is true that a portion of the army, under the belief that he had been richly re- warded by Seuthes while they had not obtained their stipulated pay, expressed virulent sentiments and falsehoods against him. 1 Until such suspicions were refuted, it is no wonder that the army were alienated ; but they were perfectly willing to hear both sides, and Xenophon triumphantly disproved the accusation. That in the end, their feelings towards him were those of esteem and favor, stands confessed in his own words, 2 proving that the ingratitude of which he complains was the feeling of some indeed, but not of all. It is hard to say, however, what would have been the fate of this gallant army, when Seuthes, having obtained from their arms is 1 Xen. Anab. vii, 6, 9, 10. 2 Xen. Anab. vii, 7, 55-57 VOL. IX. 8
