372 HISTORY OF GREECE. expelled by her, at last again captured in the new abode which they had obtained in Laconia, and put to death by her ordsr. During the Peloponnesian war, -ZEgina had been tenanted by Athenian citizens as outsettlers or kleruchs ; all of whom had been driven hi after the battle of JEgospotami. The island was then restored by Lysander to the remnant of the former population, as many of them at least as he could find. These new JEginetans, though doubtless animated by associa- tions highly unfavorable to Athens, had nevertheless remained not only at peace, but also in reciprocal commerce, with her, until a considerable time after the battle of Knidus and the rebuilding ot her Long Walls. And so they would have continued, of their own accord, since they could gain but little, and were likely to lose all the security of their traffic, by her hostility, had they not been forced to commence the war by Eteonikus, the Lacedaemonian harmost in the island ; J one amidst many examples of the manner in which the smaller Grecian states were dragged into war, with- out any motive of their own, by the ambition of the greater, by Sparta as well as by Athens. 2 With the concurrence of the ephors, Eteonikus authorized and encouraged all ^Eginetans to fit out privateers for depredation on Attica ; which aggression the 1 Xen. Hellen. v, 1, 1. uv ds Ku.7i.iv 6 'Ereovi/cof tv ry Aiyivg, Kal iiri[J.it;i$ xpupevuv rbv irpoaftev xpovov TCJV AiyivrjTuv Trpdf rovf 'Atfiyvat'ovf, far el (fiavepuf Kara. dafaiTTav inohcftelro 6 n6%.e/j.og, S-vvS6%av Kal roif tyopoic, <j>ir>Gi 3j?ie<7tfa( TOV flovhopevov in rfff 'Arrt/c^f. The meaning of the word Trdhiv here is not easy to determine, since (as Schneider remarks) not a word had been said before about the presence of Eteonikus at JEgina. Perhaps we may explain it by supposing that Eteo- nikus found the JEginetans reluctant to engage in the war, and that he did not like to involve them in it without first going to Sparta to consult the ephors. It was on coming back to JEgina (TTU/UV) from Sparta, after having obtained the consent of the ephors (l;vvS6gav Kal role iQapoic), that he issued the letters of marque. Schneider's note explains rbv npoa-Qsv xpovov incorrectly, in my judg- ment.
- Compare Xen. Hellen. vi, 3, 8 ; Thucyd. iii, 13. The old JEginetan
antipathy against Athens, when thus again instigated, continued for a con- siderable time. A year or two afterwards, when the philosopher Plato was taken to JEgina to be sold as a slave, it was death to any Athenian to land in the island (Aristides, Or. xlvi, p. 384 ; p. 306 Dindorf ; Diogenes. Lsert iii. 19 j Plutarch. Dion. c. 5).
