BATTLES OF PLAT.E AND MYKALE. 163 troops, was thus thirty-eight thousand seven hundred men : there were no cavalry, and but very few bowmen ; but if we add those who are called light-armed, or unarmed generally, — some pei-haps with javelins or swords, but none with any defensive armor, — the grand total was not less than one hundred and ten thousand men. Of these light-armed, or unarmed, there were, as com- puted by Herodotus, thirty-five thousand in attendance on the five thousand Spartan citizens, and thirty-four thousand five hun- dred in attendance on the other hoplites, — together with eighteen hundred Thespians, who were properly hoplites, yet so badly armed as not to be reckoned in the ranks.i Such was the number of Greeks present or near at hand in the combat against the Persians at Plataea, which took place some little time afterwards : but it seems that the contingents were not at first completely full, and that new additions - contin- ued to arrive until a few days before the battle, along with the convoys of cattle and provisions which came for the subsistence of the army. Pausanias marched first from the Isthmus to Eleusis, where he was joined by the Athenians from Salamis : at Eleusis, as well as at the Isthmus, the sacrifices were found encouraging, and the united army then advanced across the ridge of Kithasron, so as to come within sight of the Persians. When Pausanias saw them occupying the line of the Asopus in the plain beneath, he kept his own army on the mountain declivity on service, to which it would be natural that they should join themselves in preference to land-service. With respect to the name of the Eleians, the suspicion of Brondstedt is plausible, that Pausanias may have mistaken the name of the Pales of Kephallenia for theirs, and may have fancied that he read FAiVEIOI when it was really written TIAAEIS, in an inscription at that time about six hun- dred years old. The place in the series wherein Pausanias places the name of the Eleians. strengthens the suspicion. Unless it be admitted, we shall be driven, as the most probable alternative, to suppose a fraud committed by the vanity of the Eleians, which may easily have led them to alter a name originally belonging to the Pales. The reader will recollect that the Eleians were themselves the superintendents and curators at Olympia. Plutarch seems to have read the same inscription as Pausanias (De Herodoti Malignit. p. 873). ' Herodot. ix, 19, 28, 29. ' Herodot. ix, 28, oi iivKpoiruvres re koI ol apx^v iWovreg 'EXXfjvuiv.
