468 HISTORY OF GREECE. of movement to be detected. As there was no evidence before him of intention to attack, he took no precautions, and marcher] in careless and disorderly array. 1 Having reached the top of the ridge, and posted his army on the strong eminence fronting the highest portion of the Long Wall, he surveyed at leisure the lake before him, and the side of the city which lay towards Thrace, or towards Myrkinus, Drabeskus, etc., thus viewing all the descending portion of the Long Wall northward towards the Strymon. The perfect quiescence of the city imposed upon and even astonished him : it seemed altogether undefended, and he almost fancied that, if he had brought battering-engines, he could have taken it forthwith. 3 Impressed with the belief that 1 Thucyd. v, 7. Kara dear 6e puAAov f<j>rj avaj3aivetv rov xuplov, KOI uei^u xapacKEvrjv vrepis/jevev, ov% (l>f rcj ao^a/lft, r/v uvayKu&rat, irf ouv, aW uf KVK.'h.u Treptaruf fiia aipqauv rf/v TroAiv. The words oiix &<; T<p ucrQaAel, etc., do not refer to [iti^u TrapaaKevqv, as the Scholiast, with whom Dr. Arnold agrees, considers them, but to the general purpose and dispositions of Kleon. " He marched up, not like one who is abundantly provided with means of safety, in case of being put on his defence ; but like one who is going to surround the city and take it at once." Nor do these last words represent any real design conceived in the mind of Kleon (for Amphipolis from its locality could not be really surrounded), but are merely given as illustrating the careless confidence of his march from Eion up to the ridge : in the same manner as Herodotus describes the forward rush of the Persians before the battle of Plataea, to overtake the Greeks whom they supposed to be running away Kal ovroi fj.lv /3ofj re not dfiiAu linr/icav, u f avap-xaaofievoi roiJf "E/^^vaj- (ix, 59): compa'-e viii, 28. 2 Thucyd. v, 7. wore /cat ^^avuj- on ov /car^/ii3cv f#ov, ufiapretv idonei I'Aetv yap uv TT/V nohiv oiu TO ipf/uov. I apprehend that the verb Karfjh&ev refers to the coming of the armament to Eion : analogous to what is said v, 2, K.aren'AevaEv kf rbv Topuvaiuv hipiva : compare 5,51; iii, 4, etc. The march from Eion up to the ridge could not well be expressed by the word KarqAdev : but the arrival of the expedition at the Strymon, the place of its destination, might be so djscribed. Battering-engines would be brought from nowhere else but from Athens. Dr. Arnold interprets the word /carf/Mcv to mean that Kleon had first marched up to a higher point, and then descended from this point upon Amphipolis. But I contest the correctness of this assumption, as a matter
of topography : it does not appear to me that Kleon ever reached any
