864 HISTORY OF GREECE. CHAPTER LXXXIX. FROM THE CAPTURE OF OLYNTHUS TO THE TERMINATION OF THE SACRED WAR BY PHILIP. IT was during the early spring of 347 B. c., as far as we can make out, that Olynthus, after having previously seen the thirty Chalkidic cities conquered, underwent herself the like fate from the arms of Philip. Exile and poverty became the lot of such Olynthians and Chalkidians as could make their escape ; while the greater number of both sexes were sold into slavery. A few painful traces present themselves of the diversities of suffering which befel these unhappy victims. Atrestidas, an Arcadian who had probably served in the Macedonian army, received from Philip a grant of thirty Olynthian slaves, chiefly women and children, who were seen following him in a string as he travelled home- ward through the Grecian cities. Many young Olynthian women were bought for the purpose of having their persons turned to account by their new proprietors. Of these purchasers, one, ar. Athenian citizen who had exposed his new purchase at Athens, was tried- and condemned for the proceeding by the Dikastery. 1 Other anecdotes come before us, inaccurate probably as to names and details, 1 yet illustrating the general hardships brought upon this once free Chalkidic population. Meanwhile the victor Philip was at the maximum of his glory. In commemoration of his con- quests, he celebrated a splendid festival to the Olympian Zeus in 1 Deinarchus cont. Demosth. p. 93 ; Demosth. Fals. Leg. p. 439, 440. De- mosthenes asserts also that Olynthian women were given, as a present, by Philip to Philokrates (p. 386-440). The outrage which he imputes (p. 401) to JEschines and Phrynon in Macedonia, against the Olynthian woman is not to be received as a fact, since it is indignantly denied by ^Eschines (Fals. Leg. init. and p. 48). Yet it is probably but too faithful a picture of real deeds, committed by others, if not by JEschines.
- The story of the old man of Olynthus (Seneca, Controv. v. 10) bought
by Pan-basins the painter and tortured in order to form a subject for a paint- ing of the suffering Prometheus is more than doubtful : since Parrhasius, already in high repute as a painter before 400 B. c. (see Xenoph. Mem. iii. 10), can hardly have been still nourishing in 347 B. C. It discloses, how ever, at least, one of the many forms of slavc-suftcring occasionally realized
