PEACE MOVED BY PHILOKRATES. 39o Philip aa master of Amphipolis and of so many other possessions once belonging to Athens, I do not believe that even Demos- thenes, at the time when the peace was actually under debate, would put the conclusion of it to hazard, by denouncing the shame of such unavoidable cession, though he professes three years after- wards to have vehemently opposed itJ I suspect therefore that the terms of peace proposed by Philo- krates met with unqualified support from one of our two rival orators, and with only partial opposition, to one special clause, from the other. However this may be, the proposition passed, with no other modification (so far as we know) except the omis- sion of that clause which specially excepted Halus and the Pho- kians. Philokrates provided, that all the possessions actually in the hands of each of the belligerent parties, should remain to each, without disturbance from the other; 2 that on these principles, there should be both peace and alliance between Athens with all her allies on the one side, and Philip with all his allies on the other. These were the only parties included in the treaty. Nothing was said about other Greeks, not allies either of Philip or of Athens. 3 Nor was any special mention made about Ker sobleptes. 4 Such was the decree of peace and alliance, enacted on the second of the two assembly-days, the nineteenth of the month Elaphebolion. Of course, without the fault of any one, it was all to the advantage of Philip. He was in the superior position ; and it sanctioned his retention of all his conquests. For Athens, the inferior party, the benefit to be expected was, that she would ' Demosthen. Fals. Leg. p. 385.
- Pseudo-Demosthen. De Halloncso, p 81-83. Demosthenes, in one pas-
sage, (Fals. Leg. p. 385,) speaks as if it were a part of the Athenian oath that they would oppose and treat as enemies all who should try to save from Philip and to restore to Athens the places now recognized as Philip's possession for the future. Though Vcemel (Proleg. ad Demosth. De Pace, p. 265) and Bohnecke (p. 303) insert these words as a part of the actual for- mula, I doubt whether they are anything more than a constructive expan- sion, given by Demosthenes himself, of the import of the formula. 3 This fact we learn from the subsequent discussions about emending the peace, mentioned in Pseudo-Demosth. De Halonneso, p. 84. 4 jEschines, Fals. Leg. p. 39. c. 2Q.
