CAPTURE OF HALIKAiTts-ASSUS. gg nassus was broken. Memnon and Orontobates, satisfied that no longer defence of the town was practicable, took advantage of the night to set fire to their wooden projectile engines and tow- ers, as well as to their magazines of arms, with the houses near the exterior wall, while they carried away the troops, stores, and inhabitants, partly to the citadel called Salmakis — partly to the neighboring islet called Arkonnesus — partly to the island of Kos.' Though thus evacuating the town, however, they still kept godd garrisons well-provisioned in the two citadels belong- ing to it. The conflagration, stimulated by a strong wind, spread widely. It was only extinguished by the orders of Alexander, when he entered the town, and put to death all those whom he found with firebrands. He directed that the Halikarnassians found in the houses should be spared, but that the city itself should be demolished. He assigned the Avhole of Karia to Ada, as a principality, doubtless under condition of tribute. As the citadels still occupied by the enemy were strong enough to re- quire a long siege, he did not think it necessary to remain in person for the purpose of reducing them ; but surrounding them with a wall of blockade, he left Ptolemy and 3000 men to guard it.- Having concluded the siege of Halikarnassus, Alexander sent back his artillery to Tralles, ordering Parmenio, with a large portion of the cavalry, the allied infantry, and the baggage wag- gons, to Sardis. The ensuing winter months he employed in the conquest of Lykia, Pamphylia, and Pisidia. All this southern coast of Asia Minor is mountainous ; the range of Mount Taurus descending nearly to the sea, so as to leave little or no intervening breadth of plain. In spite of greats strength of situation, such was the terror of Alexander's arms, that all the Lykian toAvns — Hypar- na, Telmissus, Pinara, Xanthus, Patara, and thirty others — submitted to him without a blow.^ One alone among them, call- ed Marmareis, resisted to desperation.* On reaching the terri- tory called Milyas, the Phrygian frontier of Lykia, Alexander ' Arrian, i. 23, 3, 4 ; Diodor. xvii. 27. " Arrian, i. 23, 11 ; Diodor. xvii. 7 ; Strabo, xiv. p. 657.
- Arrian. i. 24 6-9. ■• Diodor. xvii, 28.
